Objective: In order to create a dementia-friendly social environment, it is particularly important for the public to have a positive attitude towards the elderly with dementia. Methods: An online questionnaire survey was conducted among 2170 college students across the country. Combined with valid sample data, this paper studied the attitudes and influencing factors of college students towards the elderly with dementia. Linear regression analysis (OLS) was then used to further test the correlation. Results: Overall, the attitude of college students towards the elderly with dementia was relatively neutral. The results of linear regression (OLS) showed that the command of dementia related knowledge promoted the formation of positive attitudes after controlling for related factors, and this positive correlation was robust. In addition, after in-depth analysis of the internal structure of dementia knowledge, compared with symptom knowledge, the command of basic knowledge and treatment knowledge can significantly improve the positive attitude of college students towards the elderly with dementia. In addition, female identity and parental education level have a positive effect on the formation of positive attitudes, while dementia exposure has a negative effect on the formation of positive attitudes. Conclusion: It is recommended to vigorously carry out the popularization of dementia science education for college students, improve their tolerant attitude towards dementia, and help create a dementia-friendly social environment.