Objective: To explore the effect of APOEɛ4 gene carrier status on amyloid deposition in the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients in Chinese population. Methods：A retrospective collection was conducted on 932 cognitively normal individuals and patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease who visited the Memory Clinic of Huashan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University from August 2018 to March 2023. Among them, there were 532 cognitive normal individuals and 400 cognitive impaired individuals, including 211 mild cognitive impairment and 189 Alzheimer's disease patients. All participants were subjected to cognitive assessment, genotype determination, and [18F] Florbetapir PET imaging quantitative analysis of A β deposition in the brain, which is converted into centiloid value. The centiloid value of each group were compared based on cognitive status, APOEɛ4 gene carrying status, gender, and other factors. Performing partial correlation analysis on the centiloid value and cognitive scores of APOEɛ4 gene carrying or non carrying group. Results: The centiloid value of the APOEɛ4 gene carrying group is higher than that of the non carrying group, and the difference is significant (26.7 ± 38.3 vs 3.7 ± 26.6, P<0.001）. In the population with cognitive impaired, the centiloid value of both male and female APOEɛ4 gene carriers were higher than those of non carriers of the same gender (36.2 ± 40.3 vs 9.7 ± 30.7, 39.2 ± 37.5 vs 17.7 ± 38.8, respectively), P<0.001）. However, there is no significant difference in centiloid value between males and females in carriers or non carriers with cognitive impaired (36.2 ± 40.3 vs 39.2 ± 37.5, 9.7 ± 30.7 vs 17.7 ± 38.8, P>0.05）. The difference in centiloid value between the cognitive normal group and the cognitive impaired group is statistically significant (0.2 ± 21.0 vs 23.5 ± 38.6, P<0.001）. In subjects with cognitive impaired or cognitive normal, there is a significant difference in centiloid value between APOEε4 carriers and non carriers (P<0.001).The difference in centiloid value between cognitive impaired and cognitive normal populations is also significant (P<0.001) in APOEε4 gene carriers or non carriers. Under the control of age, education year, and gender, there is a moderate negative correlation between the centiloid value and cognitive scores in both the APOEɛ4 gene carrying and non carrying groups (r=-0.435 and -0.449, respectively,P<0.001）. Conclusion: The deposition of amyloid protein in the brain of APOEɛ4 gene carriers is significantly higher than that of non carriers, and there is a negative correlation between amyloid protein deposition and cognition in APOEɛ4 gene carriers and non carriers.