Abbreviation (ISO4): Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders
Editor in chief: Jun WANG
Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders >
Study on correlation between leukoaraiosis and cognitive impairment
Received date: 2020-03-30
Revised date: 2020-04-02
Online published: 2020-06-25
Objective: To explore the clinical risk factors of leukoaraiosis (LA). Montreal cognitive scale was used to evaluate the characteristics of cognitive dysfunction in LA patients and control group. Methods: 114 patients with LA were selected as the study group and 40 as the normal control group. All the patients in the group should record the basic clinical data in detail, use Fazekas scale to grade the severity of La, and use MOCA to evaluate the cognitive function of the patients in the group. Results: 1. There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, years of education, smoking and drinking between the study group and the control group (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia between the study group and the control group (P< 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia were independent risk factors for LA (P< 0.05). 2. The MoCA scores of all LA patients in all cognitive domains were lower than those of the control group, and the differences in visual space and executive ability, naming, attention, delayed recall, language function, orientation and abstract thinking between LA patients and the control group were statistically significant (P< 0.05). In severe LA group, the scores of all cognitive domains in MoCA scale were visibly decreased (P< 0.05), which indicated that severe LA patients had comprehensive cognitive impairment, especially visual space, executive ability and memory impairment. Conclusion: Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia are independent risk factors for LA, but LA has no significant relationship with age, gender, years of education, smoking and drinking. Patients with LA may have multiple cognitive impairment at the same time, with the most significant impairment in visual space and executive ability, and delayed recall function.
Key words: Leukoaraiosis; Vascular cognitive impairment; Risk factors; MoCA
YANG Yinxue , SU Xiaoli , WEN Changming , ZHANG Baochao , YUE Weidong . Study on correlation between leukoaraiosis and cognitive impairment[J]. Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, 2020 , 3(2) : 113 -117 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-5516.2020.02.005
表1 LA患者发病影响因素的单因素分析 |
因素 Factor | 对照组(n=40) Control group(n=40) | 研究组(n=114) Research group(n=114) | χ2/t | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄Age | 65.47±5.51 | 66.56±7.37 | 0.852 | 0.395 | |
教育年限Years of education | 8.18±1.84 | 8.79±2.17 | 1.599 | 0.112 | |
性别Gender | 男 Male | 18 | 55 | 0.125 | 0.724 |
女 Female | 22 | 59 | |||
吸烟 | 无 No | 24 | 66 | 0.054 | 0.816 |
Smoke | 有 Yes | 16 | 48 | ||
饮酒 | 无 No | 19 | 63 | 0.717 | 0.397 |
Drink wine | 有 Yes | 21 | 51 | ||
高脂血症 | 无 No | 29 | 53 | 8.046 | 0.005 |
Hyperlipidemia | 有 Yes | 11 | 61 | ||
高血压 | 无 No | 33 | 66 | 7.808 | 0.005 |
Hypertension | 有 Yes | 7 | 48 | ||
糖尿病 | 无 No | 32 | 67 | 5.812 | 0.016 |
Diabetes | 有 Yes | 8 | 47 | ||
冠心病 | 无 No | 32 | 61 | 8.687 | 0.003 |
Coronary heart disease | 有 Yes | 8 | 53 |
注:P< 0.05,差异有统计学意义。 | |
Note: P< 0.05, the difference was statistically significant. |
表2 LA患者发病影响因素的多因素Logistic回归系数表 |
变量Variable | B | SE | Wald | df | P | OR | OR95%置信区间 OR (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
下限Lower | 上限Upper | |||||||
高脂血症Hyperlipidemia | 0.945 | 0.426 | 4.916 | 1 | 0.027 | 2.572 | 1.116 | 5.929 |
高血压Hypertension | 1.081 | 0.486 | 4.942 | 1 | 0.026 | 2.948 | 1.137 | 7.646 |
糖尿病Diabetes | 1.117 | 0.471 | 5.628 | 1 | 0.018 | 3.056 | 1.214 | 7.690 |
冠心病 Coronary heart disease | 1.152 | 0.466 | 6.099 | 1 | 0.014 | 3.164 | 1.268 | 7.892 |
常量Constant | -0.331 | 0.327 | 1.027 | 1 | 0.311 | 0.718 |
表3 LA患者和对照组间MoCA各认知领域得分比较 |
认知领域 Cognitive domain | 脑白质损害程度Degree of white matter damage | F | P | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照组 Control group | 轻度组 Mild group | 中度组 Moderate group | 重度组 Severe group | |||
视空间与执行能力 Visual space and execution ability | 4.08±0.62 | 2.94±1.01a | 2.15±0.71ab | 1.63±0.61abc | 73.867 | <0.001 |
命名Name | 2.68±0.47 | 2.44±0.65 | 1.65±0.56ab | 1.00±0.26abc | 75.355 | <0.001 |
延迟回忆功能 Delayed recall function | 4.10±0.74 | 3.22±0.72a | 1.92±0.58ab | 1.93±0.58ab | 102.512 | <0.001 |
注意力Attention | 5.50±0.68 | 5.22±0.87 | 4.17±0.66ab | 2.77±0.77abc | 93.743 | <0.001 |
语言功能Language function | 2.65±0.58 | 2.72±0.66 | 1.90±0.72ab | 1.10±0.61abc | 45.591 | <0.001 |
抽象思维Abstract thinking | 1.73±0.51 | 1.72±0.57 | 1.63±0.53 | 1.07±0.52abc | 11.269 | <0.001 |
定向力Directional force | 5.38±0.87 | 4.94±0.83a | 4.69±0.59a | 3.60±0.77abc | 32.643 | <0.001 |
注:a与对照组比较,P< 0.05, b与轻度组比较,P< 0.05, c与中度组比较,P< 0.05。 Note: a compared with the control group, P< 0.05, B compared with the mild group, P< 0.05, C compared with the moderate group, P< 0.05. |
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