Optimization Strategy for Power Frequency Variation Distance Protection Adapted to Grid-Connected IIDG

Hanli WENG, Qiuyu JIANG, Jingyi GAO, Zhenxing LI

South Power Sys Technol ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (7) : 22-34.

PDF(2388 KB)
Home Journals Southern Power System Technology
Southern Power System Technology

Abbreviation (ISO4): South Power Sys Technol      Editor in chief:

About  /  Aim & scope  /  Editorial board  /  Indexed  /  Contact  / 
PDF(2388 KB)
South Power Sys Technol ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (7) : 22-34. DOI: 10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2026.07.003
Power Electronic Technology

Optimization Strategy for Power Frequency Variation Distance Protection Adapted to Grid-Connected IIDG

Author information +
History +

Abstract

Inverter interfaced distributed generation (IIDG), influenced by grid connection requirements and control strategies, can be equivalently represented as a controlled current source externally, leading to unstable internal impedance after faults and resulting in poor adaptability of power-frequency variation distance protection in IIDG grid-connected environments. To address this issue, the reasons for the poor adaptability of power-frequency variation distance protection on the IIDG grid side are thoroughly analyzed. Based on the concept of coordinated control and protection, a positive-sequence fault component current suppression strategy is proposed. This strategy temporarily restores the fault component network under IIDG grid-connected conditions to a passive network similar to that under the influence of synchronous generators. PSCAD/EMTDC simulation results demonstrate that the proposed Strategy enables power-frequency variation distance protection to reliably distinguish between internal and external faults while improving its tolerance to fault resistance. This significantly enhances the operational reliability of power-frequency variation distance protection in IIDG grid-connected scenarios. Moreover, the control objective can be achieved within a very short time window. Once the protection meets the tripping conditions, the conventional IIDG fault ride-through control can be restored, ensuring no impact on its grid-connected capability during faults.

Key words

collaboration between control and protection / power-frequency variation distance protection / positive sequence fault component current suppression / IIDG / comprehensive sequence component

Cite this article

Download Citations
Hanli WENG , Qiuyu JIANG , Jingyi GAO , et al. Optimization Strategy for Power Frequency Variation Distance Protection Adapted to Grid-Connected IIDG[J]. Southern Power System Technology. 2026, 20(7): 22-34 https://doi.org/10.13648/j.cnki.issn1674-0629.2026.07.003

References

[1]
张旭, 李阳, 刘晓, 等. 含高渗透率新能源的新型交直流储能系统的配电网规划[J]. 南方电网技术202216(4): 60 - 67.
ZHANG Xu LI Yang LIU Xiao, et al. Distribution network planning of new AC/DC energy storage system with high penetration new energy[J]. Southern Power System Technology202216(4): 60 - 67.
[2]
陈洪涛, 郭艳春. “双碳”背景下吉林省能源消耗水平评估与电能替代潜力分析[J]. 电工技术2023(14): 214 - 216.
CHEN Hongtao GUO Yanchun. Energy consumption level assessment and electric energy substitution analysis of Jilin province based on "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality" goals[J]. Electric Engineering2023(14): 214 - 216.
[3]
谢明磊, 罗威, 曹德发, 等. 基于改进直流潮流的柔性互联配电网新能源承载力快速评估方法[J]. 南方电网技术202620(5): 103 - 110.
XIE Minglei LUO Wei CAO Defa, et al. Fast evaluation method for new energy capacity of flexible interconnected distribution network based on improved DC power flow[J]. Southern Power System Technology202620(5):103 - 110.
[4]
苏寅生, 刘蔚, 张野, 等. 面向高比例新能源并网的多智能体协同自动发电控制算法[J]. 高压电器202561(5):80 - 92.
SU Yinsheng LIU Wei ZHANG Ye, et al. Multi-agent cooperative automatic power generation control algorithm for high proportion of new energy grid connection[J]. High Voltage Apparatus202561(5):80 - 92.
[5]
李岩, 仲思为, 曹润彬, 等. 柔直构网的100%新能源基地送出线路的故障特性重塑策略[J]. 电力系统保护与控制202654(11):1 - 13.
LI Yan ZHONG Siwei CAO Runbin, et al. Fault characteristics reshaping strategy for outgoing lines of 100% renewable energy bases grid-formed by MMC-HVDC [J]. Power System Protection and Control202654(11):1 - 13.
[6]
胡烨, 武彦婷, 熊娜, 等. 新型能源体系研究[J]. 电力勘测设计2024(4): 1 - 6, 23.
HU Ye WU Yanting XIONG Na, et al. Research of system for new energy sources[J]. Electric Power Survey & Design2024(4): 1 - 6, 23.
[7]
雷霖, 赖真良, 朱家龙, 等. 工频变化量距离继电器耐受过渡电阻性能分析[J]. 电力系统保护与控制201745(17): 26 - 33.
LEI Lin LAI Zhenliang ZHU Jialong, et al. Performance analysis of endure transition resistance of distance relay based on the power-frequency voltage and current variation[J]. Power System Protection and Control201745(17): 26 - 33.
[8]
刘建勋, 李凤婷, 解超, 等. 工频变化量距离保护在交直流混联系统中的动作特性分析及改进措施[J]. 电力科学与技术学报202338(1): 88 - 96.
LIU Jianxun LI Fengting XIE Chao, et al. Action characteristic analysis and improvement measures of the distance protection using power frequency variable components in AC/DC hybrid system[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology202338(1): 88 - 96.
[9]
徐妍, 陆广香, 徐晓敏, 等. 关于工频变化量距离保护可靠性的研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制201543(20): 51 - 57.
XU Yan LU Guangxiang XU Xiaomin, et al. Research on the reliability of the distance protection using power frequency variable components[J]. Power System Protection and Control201543(20): 51 - 57.
[10]
王晨清, 宋国兵, 汤海雁, 等. 距离保护在风电接入系统中的适应性分析[J]. 电力系统自动化201539(22): 10 - 15.
WANG Chenqing SONG Guobing TANG Haiyan, et al. Adaptability analysis of distance protection in power system integration with wind farms[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems201539(22): 10 - 15.
[11]
李彦宾, 贾科, 毕天姝, 等. 逆变型电源对距离保护的影响机理分析[J]. 电力系统保护与控制201846(16): 54 - 59.
LI Yanbin JIA Ke BI Tianshu, et al. Impact of inverter-interfaced renewable energy generators on distance protection[J]. Power System Protection and Control201846(16): 54 - 59.
[12]
王晨清, 宋国兵, 刘凯, 等. 突变量保护对风电接入系统的适应性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报201434(31): 5485 - 5492.
WANG Chenqing SONG Guobing LIU Kai, et al. Adaptability analysis of fault component protection of power systems with wind farms[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE201434(31): 5485 - 5492.
[13]
卜强生, 高磊, 宋亮亮, 等. 风电场短路电压电流频率不一致对距离保护及测试的影响[J]. 电力系统保护与控制201543(8): 21 - 27.
BU Qiangsheng GAO Lei SONG Liangliang, et al. Short circuit current and voltage frequency inconsistency in wind farm and its effect on distance protection and relay protection test[J]. Power System Protection and Control201543(8): 21 - 27.
[14]
索南加乐, 何方明, 焦在滨, 等. 工频变化量距离元件特性的研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报201030(28): 59 - 65.
SUONAN Jiale HE Fangming JIAO Zaibin, et al. Research on the characteristics of distance element based on the power-frequency voltage and current variation[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE201030(28): 59 - 65.
[15]
韩海娟, 牟龙华, 张凡, 等. 考虑IIDG低电压穿越时的微电网保护[J]. 中国电机工程学报201737(1): 110 - 120.
HAN Haijuan MU Longhua ZHANG Fan, et al. Microgrid protection considering low voltage ride-through of IIDG[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE201737(1): 110 - 120.
[16]
潘国清, 曾德辉, 王钢, 等. 含PQ控制逆变型分布式电源的配电网故障分析方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报201434(4): 555 - 561.
PAN Guoqing ZENG Dehui WANG Gang, et al. Fault analysis on distribution network with inverter interfaced distributed generations based on PQ control strategy[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE201434(4): 555 - 561.
[17]
赵化宾, 吴娜, 樊淑娴, 等. 逆变型分布式电源的低电压穿越控制策略研究[J]. 电子质量2018(5): 1 - 4.
ZHAO Huabin WU Na FAN Shuxian, et al. Research on low-voltage ride-through control strategy of inverter-interfaced distributed generation[J]. Electronics Quality2018(5): 1 - 4.
[18]
吴争荣, 王钢, 李海锋, 等. 含分布式电源配电网的相间短路故障分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报201333(1): 130 - 136.
WU Zhengrong WANG Gang LI Haifeng, et al. Analysis on the distribution network with distributed generators under phase-to-phase short-circuit faults[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE201333(1): 130 - 136.
[19]
景柳铭, 王一博, 赵通, 等. 考虑光伏低电压穿越特性的交流微电网保护方法[J]. 电力自动化设备202242(5): 54 - 60.
JING Liuming WANG Yibo ZHAO Tong, et al. AC microgrid protection method considering photovoltaic low voltage ride through characteristics[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment202242(5): 54 - 60.
[20]
韩海娟, 牟龙华, 张凡, 等. 考虑IIDG低电压穿越时的微电网保护[J]. 中国电机工程学报201737(1): 110 - 120.
HAN Haijuan MU Longhua ZHANG Fan, et al. Microgrid protection considering low voltage ride-through of IIDG[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE201737(1): 110 - 120.
[21]
刘正富, 王朋, 郭敬梅, 等. 基于MMC的风电机组低电压穿越测试装置控制策略研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制202149(19): 38 - 47.
LIU Zhengfu WANG Peng GUO Jingmei, et al. Control strategy of wind turbine LVRT test equipment based on MMC[J]. Power System Protection and Control202149(19): 38 - 47.
[22]
马静, 刘青, 吴佳芳, 等. 高比例变流型电源并网的输电系统三相短路电流计算[J]. 电力系统自动化201943(5): 83 - 91, 113.
MA Jing LIU Qing WU Jiafang, et al. Three-phase short-circuit current calculation for power transmission system with high penetration of converter-type sources[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems201943(5): 83 - 91, 113.
[23]
李海锋, 张正刚, 梁远升, 等. 基于工频变化量的含逆变型分布式电源不平衡配电网故障分析方法[J]. 广东电力202336(5): 27 - 38.
LI Haifeng ZHANG Zhenggang LIANG Yuansheng, et al. Fault analysis method based on power frequency variation for unbalanced distribution network with IIDGs[J]. Guangdong Electric Power202336(5): 27 - 38.
[24]
陈实, 邰能灵, 范春菊, 等. 逆变型电源接入对选相元件的影响分析[J]. 电力系统自动化201741(12): 106 - 112, 187.
CHEN Shi TAI Nengling FAN Chunju, et al. Influence of inverter-interfaced generator on element of phase selectors[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems201741(12): 106 - 112, 187.
[25]
晁晨栩, 郑晓冬, 高飘, 等. 针对光伏场站送出线路不对称短路故障的自适应距离保护原理[J]. 中国电机工程学报202242(18): 6681 - 6693.
CHAO Chenxu ZHENG Xiaodong GAO Piao, et al. Adaptive distance protection for transmission line of photovoltaic station during asymmetric short circuit[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE202242(18): 6681 - 6693.
[26]
黎钊, 吴宇奇, 郑宇超, 等. 基于控保结合的适配孤岛场景单相接地故障的新型距离保护方案[J]. 中国电机工程学报202343(24): 9509 - 9523.
LI Zhao WU Yuqi ZHENG Yuchao, et al. A novel distance protection scheme for island grid based on control combined with protection under single-phase ground fault[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE202343(24): 9509 - 9523.
[27]
姜卫东, 吴志清, 李王敏, 等. 电网不对称时抑制负序电流并网逆变器的控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报201530(16): 77 - 84.
JIANG Weidong WU Zhiqing LI Wangmin, et al. Control strategy of suppressing negative sequence current of grid-connected inverter base on asymmetric grid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society201530(16): 77 - 84.
[28]
桂小智, 蒙天赐, 潘本仁, 等. 基于综合阻抗的光伏发电并网联络线纵联保护[J]. 电网与清洁能源202339(8): 139 - 144, 154.
GUI Xiaozhi MENG Tianci PAN Benren, et al. The pilot protection of grid connection lines for photovoltaic power generation based on integrated impedance[J]. Power System and Clean Energy202339(8): 139 - 144, 154.
[29]
刘益青. 智能变电站站域后备保护原理及实现技术研究[D]. 济南: 山东大学, 2012.

Funding

the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52077120)
PDF(2388 KB)

Accesses

Citation

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/