In Vitro Litholytic Effects of Three Chinese Herbal Extracts on Mixed-Type Urinary Calculi

Shasha XIA; Jun SHEN; Kaiwen SHEN; Yaoke LI; Hong YANG

doi:10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17009

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Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4) : 686-693. DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17009

Original Articles

In Vitro Litholytic Effects of Three Chinese Herbal Extracts on Mixed-Type Urinary Calculi

Shasha XIA ¹ ,
Jun SHEN ¹^,² ,
Kaiwen SHEN ² ,
Yaoke LI ¹ ,
Hong YANG ¹

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Abstract

Objective To preliminarily investigate the litholytic effects of extracts from Lysimachiae Herba,Selaginellae Herba (Selaginella pulvinata),and Phragmitis Rhizoma on mixed-type urinary calculi (calcium oxalate/carbonate apatite) through in vitro experiments. Methods A total of 264 surgically extracted renal calculus specimens were collected.Compositional analysis was performed through infrared spectroscopy.Extracts of the three herbal medicines were prepared,and their litholytic effects on mixed-type calculi (calcium oxalate/carbonate apatite) were evaluated via in vitro litholysis assays,with normal saline as the negative control. Results Among the 264 calculus specimens,mixed-type calculi exhibited the highest prevalence (52.27%,138/264),of which the calcium oxalate/carbonate apatite subtype accounted for 63.77% (88/138) of mixed calculi.All the three extracts significantly dissolved the mixed-type calculi (all P<0.001),with the efficacy ranking as follows:Lysimachiae Herba>Selaginellae Herba>Phragmitis Rhizoma,with statistically significant intergroup differences (P<0.001). Conclusions Mixed-type calculi predominate in urolithiasis patients,with calcium oxalate/carbonate apatite being the most common subtype.Extracts of Lysimachiae Herba and Selaginellae Herba demonstrate superior in vitro litholytic effects on this mixed-type calculus subtype,suggesting their potential as therapeutic agents for clinical management of urolithiasis.

Key words

Chinese herbal medicine / urinary calculi / litholytic therapy

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Shasha XIA , Jun SHEN , Kaiwen SHEN , et al . In Vitro Litholytic Effects of Three Chinese Herbal Extracts on Mixed-Type Urinary Calculi[J]. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae. 2026, 48(4): 686-693 https://doi.org/10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.17009

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