Objective to analyze the research progress and hot topics in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from 2018 to 2022.Methods the publications in the field of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from January 1,2018 to December 31,2022 were retrieved from Web of Science core collection database and included for a bibliometric analysis.results A total of 6355 publications were included,with an average citation frequency of 7 times.the year 2021 witnessed the most publications(1406).the analysis with VOSviewer showed that the research on sudden death related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,especially the predictive value of late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac MRI in sudden death,was a hot topic.in addition,gene detection and the new drug mavacamten became hot research topics.the United States was the country with the largest number of publications and the highest citation frequency in this field.Chinese scholars produced the second largest number of publications,which,however,included few high-quality research results.Conclusions Risk stratification and prevention of sudden death is still an important and hot research content in the field of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Chinese scholars should carry out multi-center cooperation in the future to improve the research results。

intestinal mantle cell lymphoma complicated with intussusception is rare in clinical practice,lacking specific clinical manifestations.CT and colonoscopy are helpful for the diagnosis of this disease,which need to be distinguished from colorectal cancer,Crohn's disease,and other pathological subtypes of lymphoma.the diagnosis still needs to be confirmed by pathological examination.this paper reports a case of Intestinal mantle cell lymphoma complicated with ileocecal intussusception in an adult,aiming to improve the clinical and imaging doctors’understanding of this disease。

thyroid carcinoma is a common endocrine malignancy,with most cases being indolent.lymphatic metastasis as a representative metastasis type defines the clinical stage and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma.the mechanism of lymphatic metastasis in malignancies has been a research hotspot for years,and certain progress being achieved.this article reviews the molecular markers of lymphatic vessels and their application in diagnosis and treatment of neoplasms,the mechanism and role of lymphangiogenesis in lymphatic metastasis,the tracing methods for sentinel lymph nodes by lymphatic drainage,and the use of ultrasound in cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid carcinoma.Especially,This paper details the application of conventional ultrasound,transvenous contrast-enhanced ultrasound,and trans-lymphatic contrast-enhanced ultrasound in cervical lymph node metastasis of thyroid carcinoma。

Objective to demonstrate the feasibility of oblique lumbar interbody fusion(OLIF)combined with 4-screw fixation for treating two-level lumbar degenerative diseases.Methods An intact finite element model of L3-S1(M0)was constructed and validated.Then,we constructed the M1 model By simulating OLIF surgery at L3/4 and L4/5 segments on the M0 model.by attachment of posterior 4-screw or 6-screw fixation To the M1 model,three 4-screw fixation models(M2-M4)and one 6-screw fixation model(M5)were established.the segmental and overall range of motion(ROM)and the peak von Mises stresses of superior endplate,cage,and posterior screw-rod were investigated Under each implanted condition.Results Under the motion modes of forward flexion,backward extension,bilateral(left and right)flexion,and left and right rotation,the L3/4 ROM of M2 model and L4/5 ROM of M3 model increased,while the L3/4 and L4/5 ROM of M4 and M5 models significantly decreased compared with those of M1 model.Under all motion modes,the L4 superior endplate in M2 model and the L5 superior endplate in M3 model showed the maximum peak von Mises stress,and the peak von Mises stresses of L4 and L5 superior endplates in M4 and M5 models were close.the L3/4 cage in M2 model and the L4/5 cage in M3 model showcased the largest peak von Mises stress,and the peak von Mises stresses of cages in M4 and M5 models were close.the peak stresses of internal fixation in M2-M5 models were close.Conclusion Four-screw fixation can replace 6-screw fixation in the OLIF surgery for treating two-level degenerative lumbar diseases。

There are mutual neural projections between the ventral tegmental area(VTA)and the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC),which form a circuit.Recent studies have shown that This circuit is vital in regulating arousal from sleep and general anesthesia.this paper introduces the anatomical structures of VTA and mPFC and the roles of various neurons and projection pathways in the regulation of arousal,aiming to provide new ideas for further research on the mechanism of arousal from sleep and general anesthesia。

Primary central nervous system vasculitis(PACNS)is a vasculitic disorder affecting small to medium-sized blood vessels primarily in the central nervous system,involving the brain,spinal cord,and meninges.tumor-like PNCAS,a rare subtype of PACNS,is often misdiagnosed as intracranial malignancy,and that with spinal cord involvement is even more uncommon.the lack of specific clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations poses a challenge to the diagnosis of PACNS.this report presents a case of Tumor-like PACNS with spinal cord involvement based on the pathological evidence,aiming to enrich the knowledge about This condition。

Objective to investigate the relationship between cerebrovascular reactivity(CVR)and emotional disorders in the patients undergoing continuous hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease(ESRD).Methods the clinical data of the ESRD patients undergoing continuous hemodialysis were collected.anxiety and depression of the patients were assessed by the Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA)and Beck depression inventory,respectively.the cerebral hemodynamic changes during the breath holding test were monitored by transcranial Doppler sonography,and the breath-holding index(BHI)was calculated.the BHI≥0.69 and BHI<0.69 indicate normal CVR and abnormal CVR,respectively.Binary Logistic regression was employed To analyze the factors affecting the depressive state of ESRD patients.Results the group with abnormal CVR exhibited higher total cholesterol level(P=0.010),low density lipoprotein level(P=0.006),and incidence of depression(P=0.012)than the group with normal CVR.Compared with the non-depression group,the depression group displayed prolonged disease course(P=0.039),reduced body mass index(P=0.048),elevated HAMA score(P=0.001),increased incidence of anxiety(P<0.001),decreased BHI(P=0.015),and increased incidence of abnormal CVR(P=0.012).Binary Logistic regression analysis indicated anxiety as a contributing factor(OR=22.915,95%CI=2.653-197.956,P=0.004)and abnormal CVR as a risk factor(OR=0.074,95%CI=0.008-0.730,P=0.026)for depression.Conclusion Impaired CVR could pose a risk for depression in the patients with ESRD。

Helicobacter pylori(Hp)is a common Gram-negative bacillus causing gastrointestinal infections.It mainly exists on the surface of gastric epithelial cells and in mucus and is associated with gastric ulcers,gastric cancer,and gastric mucosa-associated lymphomas.Studies have shown that Hp can induce or exacerbate certain extragastric diseases and is associated with the occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019.It is hypothesized that Hp may be indirectly or directly involved in the occurrence and development of diseases by stimulating the production of inflammatory cytokines or inducing cross-immune reactions.in addition,Hp can enter Candida to release toxins continuously and play a role in escaping the recognition of the host immune system and the bactericidal effect of drugs.This article reviews the research progress in Hp-associated extragastric diseases in recent years,aiming to draw the attention of clinical workers to Hp-associated extragastric diseases and enrich the knowledge about Hp infection for formulating countermeasures to avoid the aggravation or triggering of other diseases by Hp。

cardiovascular diseases,such as coronary heart disease(CHD),are the main causes of death in humans.cardiac rehabilitation with exercise therapy as the core contents is a rehabilitation program specially designed for the patients with Cardiovascular diseases,aiming to help the patients improve their physical functions and return to social activities as soon as possible.Active cardiac rehabilitation can not only reduce the morbidity and mortality of CHD and improve the cardiopulmonary function of patients but also reduce the medical and economic burden.This article summarizes the effect of physical function on CHD patients,the current application mode of exercise therapy in cardiac rehabilitation,and the formulation principles of different exercise prescriptions in cardiac rehabilitation,aiming to provide a reference for the application of exercise therapy in CHD patients。

the incidence of urinary calculi in children has been increasing annually,and most of the cases are upper urinary tract stones.At present,surgery is the main way to treat upper urinary tract stones in children.With the gradual development of minimally invasive techniques in surgery,percutaneous nephrolithotomy,retrograde intrarenal surgery,and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy have become the main methods for treating upper urinary tract stones in children.We reviewed the current progress in surgical treatment of upper urinary tract stones in children and provided prospects for future treatment options。

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a severe threat to human health and one of the three major causes of human death.Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase(PKR)is an interferon-induced protein kinase involved in innate immunity.in the occurrence and development of AD,PKR is upregulated and continuously activated.On the one hand,the activation of PKR triggers an integrated stress response in brain cells.On the other hand,it indirectly upregulates the expression ofβ-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 and facilitates the accumulation of amyloid-βprotein(Aβ),which could activate PKR activator to further activate PKR,thus forming a sustained accumulation cycle of Aβ.in addition,PKR can promote Tau phosphorylation,thereby reducing microtubule stability in nerve cells.Inflammation in brain tissue,neurotoxicity resulted from Aβaccumulation,and disruption of microtubule stability led to the progression of AD and the declines of memory and cognitive function.Therefore,PKR is a key molecule in the development and progression of AD.Effective PKR detection can aid in the diagnosis and prediction of AD progression and provide opportunities for clinical treatment.the inhibitors targeting PKR are expected to control the activity of PKR,thereby controlling the progression of AD.Therefore,PKR could be a target for the development of therapeutic drugs for AD。

Objective to evaluate the value of SOX1 and PAX1 gene methylation detection in the secondary triage of high-grade cervical lesions.Methods Exfoliated cervical cells were collected from 122 patients tested positive for human papilloma virus(HPV)and subjected To thin-prep cytologic test(TCT)and SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation tests.Results the HPV test combined with TCT showed the sensitivity of 95.24%and the specificity of 23.75%for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)grade 2 and above(CIN2+).After the addition of the SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation detection in secondary triage,the sensitivity for detecting CIN2+was 83.33%,which had no statistically significant difference from the sensitivity of TCT combined with HPV test(P=0.078).However,the specificity reached 77.50%,which was significantly higher than that of HPV test combined with TCT(P<0.001).the SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation level in the CIN2+group was higher than those in the normal cervical tissue and the CIN1 group(P<0.001).the cut-off values of SOX1 and PAX1 gene methylation for CIN2+detection were-11.81 and-11.98,respectively.Conclusion Adding the detection of SOX1/PAX1 gene methylation in secondary triage significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of CIN2+detection。

Objective To investigate the effects of platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes(PRP-Exos)on the proliferation and migration of tendon stem/progenitor cell(TSPC).Methods PRP-Exos were extracted through the combination of polymer-based precipitation and ultracentrifugation.The morphology,concentration,and particle size of PRP-Exos were identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis.The expression levels of surface marker proteins on PRP-Exos and platelet membrane glycoproteins were determined by Western blot analysis.Rat TSPC was extracted and cultured,and the expression of surface marker molecules on TSPC was detected using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining.The proliferation of TSPC influenced by PRP-Exos was evaluated using CCK-8 assay and EdU assay.The effect of PRP-Exos on the migration of TSPC was evaluated by cell scratch assay and Transwell assay.Results The extracted PRP-Exos exhibit typical saucer-like structures,with a concentration of 4.9×10¹¹particles/mL,an average particle size of(132.2±56.8)nm,and surface expression of CD9,CD63 and CD41.The extracted TSPC expressed the CD44 protein.PRP-Exos can be taken up by TSPC,and after co-cultured for 48 h,concentrations of 50 and 100μg/mL of PRP-Exos significantly promoted the proliferation of TSPC(both P<0.001),with no statistical difference between the two concentrations(P=0.283).Additionally,after co-cultured for 24 h,50μg/mL of PRP-Exos significantly promoted the migration of TSPC(P<0.001).Conclusion Under in vitro culture conditions,PRP-Exos significantly promote the proliferation and migration of rat TSPC 。

Objective to construct a risk prediction model by integrating The molecular subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)and immune-related genes.Methods with GSE71729 data set(n=145)as the training set,the differentially expressed genes and differential immune-related genes between the squamous and non-squamous subtypes of PDAC were integrated to construct a regulatory network,on the basis of which five immune marker genes regulating the squamous subtype were screened out.an integrated immune score(IIS)model was constructed based on patient survival information and immune marker genes to predict the clinical prognosis of PDAC patients,and its predictive performance was tested With 5 validation sets(n=758).Results PDAC patients were assigned into high risk and low risk groups according to the IIS.in both training and validation sets,the overall survival of patients in the high risk group was shorter than that in the low risk group(both P<0.001).the multivariable Cox regression showed that IIS was An independent prognostic factor for PDAC(HR=2.16,95%CI=1.50-3.10,P<0.001).Conclusion IIS can be used for risk stratification of PDAC patients and may become a potential prognostic marker for PDAC。

This article comprehensively reviews the research progress in the management principles of acute closed soft tissue injuries,summarizing the retention and updates of the four main principles (RICE,PRICE,POLICE,and PEACE&LOVE) at different stages.Traditional methods such as compression,elevation,rest,and protection remain valuable.However,with the advancement in rehabilitation philosophy,early active rehabilitation plays an increasingly important role in the tissue healing process.Traditional cold therapy remains a choice because of its benefits.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs play a positive role in relieving the acute pain and swelling and improving the function of soft tissue,being preferred by both patients and medical practitioners.Therefore,advantages outweigh disadvantages in the clinical application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Finally,modern medical models have begun to incorporate more social and psychological factors,focusing on patients’ mental state and social environment,while guiding patients to actively participate in the rehabilitation process,which can accelerate the recovery process and improve treatment outcomes.

Long-term treatment of anemia involving frequent blood transfusions and intravenous iron administration increases the risks of hepatic iron overload and steatosis in the patients undergoing hemodialysis.Pathological accumulation of iron damages hepatocytes,not only elevating the risks of progressive hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis but also potentially accelerating the process of hepatic steatosis.iron overload and steatosis may interact with each other,exacerbating liver damage and ultimately leading to further deterioration of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis.MRI characterized by non-invasiveness and high repeatability,enables the simultaneous quantitative assessment of hepatic iron and fat content,providing crucial information for early diagnosis and intervention of liver diseases.in recent years,researchers have achieved significant advances in the application of MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.MRI can accurately reflect the extent of hepatic iron overload and steatosis in patients and predict the risk of liver diseases.This article reviews the latest advances,challenges,and perspectives in the application of MRI in assessing hepatic iron overload and steatosis in the patients undergoing hemodialysis,aiming to offer valuable references for clinical practice。

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasound for thyroid nodules with a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern.Methods The clinical data of the patients with thyroid nodules presenting a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern examined by ultrasound were collected,and the gray-scale ultrasound features of the nodules were recorded.The diagnostic performance of the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System by American College of Radiology(ACR TI-RADS),Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System(C-TIRADS),and combined specific indicators for the thyroid nodules with a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern was evaluated by comparison with the pathological results,which was regarded as the gold standard.Results A total of 64 patients with thyroid nodules were finally included,including 47 patients with malignant nodules and 17 patients with benign nodules.In addition to the general ultrasound features,central scar mostly appeared in malignant nodules(χ²=5.968,P=0.015),while central coarse calcification was more common in benign nodules(χ²=10.899,P=0.001).After the combination of central scar and central gross calcification,the diagnostic performance of ACR TI-RADS and C-TIRADS was improved(both P<0.001).Conclusions When the thyroid nodule shows a spoke-wheel blood flow pattern,one should be cautious of the possibility of malignancy.Combining central scar and central coarse calcification can improve the accuracy of ultrasonic diagnosis 。

Objective To analyze the correlation between air pollutants and pediatric atopic dermatitis outpatient visits in Lanzhou,and provide scientific insights for the life guidance of the affected children and disease prevention by relevant departments.Methods A generalized additive model was employed to analyze the effects and lagged effects of air pollutants on pediatric atopic dermatitis outpatient visits in Lanzhou while controlling for confounding factors such as long-term trends,holiday effects,day of the week effects and meteorological factors.Results The effects of NO₂,PM_2.5,PM₁₀,and SO₂on pediatric atopic dermatitis outpatient visits were most significant on the current day(Lag0),but were not statistically significant(all P>0.05);CO also had the most significant effect on Lag0,and for every 10μg/m³increase in its concentration,the excess risk(ER)for pediatric atopic dermatitis outpatient visits was 0.05%(95%CI=0-0.10%,P=0.049);and O₃exhibited the most significant effect on day 7 of the cumulative lag(Lag07),with a statistically significant increase in the ER for each 10μg/m³increase in its concentration of 7.40%(95%CI=5.31%-9.53%,P<0.001)for pediatric atopic dermatitis outpatient visits.Age stratification showed that children aged 0-3 years with atopic dermatitis were the most sensitive to CO,with an increased ER of 0.09%(95%CI=0.04%-0.15%,P<0.001)for every 10μg/m³increase in concentration,and children aged 7-14 years with atopic dermatitis were the most sensitive to O₃,with an increased ER of 8.26%(95%CI=4.99%-11.64%,P<0.001)for every 10μg/m³increase in concentration.Seasonal stratification showed that CO exerted a stronger effect on pediatric atopic dermatitis outpatient visits in summer and fall,with ER values of 0.45%and 0.16%(both P<0.001),respectively,while O₃had a significant effect on outpatient visits in winter,with an ER value of 20.48%(P<0.001).Conclusion Elevated daily average concentrations of air pollutants CO and O₃in Lanzhou were positively correlated with the number of outpatient visits for atopic dermatitis in children,with significant seasonal effects and age-stratified sensitivities 。

With the continuous development of identification technologies such as mass spectrometry,omics,and antibody technology,post-translational modification(PTM)has demonstrated increasing potential in medical research.PTM as a novel chemical modification method provides new perspectives for the research on diseases.succinylation as a novel modification has aroused the interest of more and more researchers.the available studies about succinylation mainly focus on a desuccinylase named sirtuin 5.this enzyme plays a key role in modification and has been preliminarily explored in cardiovascular studies.this paper summarizes the influencing factors and regulatory roles of succinylation and the links between succinylation and other PTMs and reviews the research progress of PTMs in the cardiovascular field,aiming to deepen the understanding about the role of This modification and give new insights to the research in This field。

Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system,of which hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)accounts for more than 90%of the total cases.the patients with early HCC treated by surgical resection generally demonstrate good prognosis.However,due to the insidious onset,HCC in the vast majority of patients has progressed to the mid-to-late stage when being diagnosed.as a result,surgical treatment has unsatisfactory effects,and non-surgical treatment methods generally have severe side effects and low tumor selectivity.Nanoparticles(NP)with small sizes,large specific surface areas,and unique physical and chemical properties have become potential carriers for the delivery of therapeutic agents such as drugs,genes,and cytokines.the nano-delivery systems with NP as the carrier can regulate the metabolism and transformation of drugs,genes,and cytokines in vivo from time,space,and dose via functional modification,showing great potential in the treatment of HCC.this paper introduces the current status and advantages of several common nano-delivery systems,including organic nano-carriers,inorganic nano-carriers,and exosomes,in the treatment of HCC.Furthermore,This paper summarizes the mechanisms of NP-based nano-carriers in treating HCC and provides reference for the development of new nano-delivery systems。