Abbreviation (ISO4): Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae
Editor in chief: Xuetao CAO
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae >
Willingness of General Practitioners to Enhance Working Competence in Community Healthcare Centers in Shanghai
Received date: 2024-04-30
Online published: 2025-03-12
Objective To understand the willingness of general practitioner(GP) to enhance working competence in community healthcare centers in Shanghai and provide a basis for the competence training of GPs in community healthcare centers. Methods In August 2023,GPs were selected from some community healthcare centers in Shanghai and their willingness to enhance working competence were studied by a questionnaire survey.The survey included 39 secondary indicators in three dimensions:general practice theory,skills,and humanity. Results A total of 1 192 GPs completed the questionnaire,with an effective rate of 100%.The total score of GPs’ willingness to enhance their working competence was 258.45±80.93,and the mean score of the three dimensions was 6.63±2.08.The score for the general practice theory was the highest (6.92±1.95),while that for general practice humanity was the lowest (6.44±2.34) among the three dimensions.The score of willingness to enhance working efficiency differed across different age ranges (P<0.001),professional titles (P<0.001),years of work (P<0.001),and educational backgrounds of GPs (P=0.039).Those with the age younger than 30 years old,junior professional titles,less than 5 years of work experience,and a college degree or below had the highest willingness score to enhance their working competence.Among the top three secondary indicators of willingness score in each dimension,the top three methods of working competence enhancement were community general practice and specialized healthcare services combined with outpatient learning,flexible further training,and continuing education courses.Conclusions There is an urgent need for young GPs in community healthcare centers in Shanghai to enhance their working competence.Targeted enhancement plans can be provided to different groups of GPs with different characteristics through community general practice and specialized healthcare services combined with outpatient learning,flexible further training,and continuing education courses,which can further enhance the ability and quality of the GP team.
ZHAO Miaomiao , CHI Yufeng , ZHOU Chuanqiang , WANG Xinyue , LI Ning . Willingness of General Practitioners to Enhance Working Competence in Community Healthcare Centers in Shanghai[J]. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2025 , 47(1) : 55 -62 . DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.16153
表1 全科医生能力提升意愿得分基本情况 |
一级指标 | 二级指标 | 意愿得分( ±s,分) | 维度排名(n) | 整体排名(n) |
---|---|---|---|---|
全科理论知识 | 全科医学概要 | 6.64±2.23 | 11 | 17 |
急救知识 | 7.06±2.15 | 5 | 5 | |
常用操作适应证及临床应用 | 7.11±2.11 | 3 | 3 | |
临床基础知识 | 7.10±2.15 | 4 | 4 | |
常见症状 | 7.18±2.14 | 2 | 2 | |
常见疾病的处理 | 7.29±2.13 | 1 | 1 | |
实验室检查 | 6.83±2.24 | 8 | 12 | |
辅助检查 | 6.96±2.18 | 7 | 8 | |
儿童、妇女、老人保健 | 6.72±2.25 | 10 | 15 | |
心理及精神问题处理 | 6.82±2.27 | 9 | 13 | |
科研理论 | 6.56±2.40 | 13 | 20 | |
教学理论 | 6.63±2.32 | 12 | 18 | |
临床思维 | 7.04±2.28 | 6 | 6 | |
全科临床技能 | 一般检查 | 6.84±2.23 | 4 | 11 |
急救技能 | 7.03±2.25 | 1 | 7 | |
常用操作 | 6.94±2.22 | 2 | 9 | |
儿科技能 | 6.46±2.40 | 8 | 25 | |
妇科技能 | 6.38±2.44 | 11 | 28 | |
眼耳鼻喉 | 6.36±2.43 | 12 | 29 | |
独立接诊 | 6.87±2.42 | 3 | 10 | |
辅助诊断 | 6.74±2.32 | 5 | 14 | |
穿刺操作 | 6.16±2.53 | 17 | 39 | |
呼吸辅助 | 6.31±2.44 | 13 | 34 | |
孕妇保健 | 6.22±2.49 | 15 | 37 | |
文献检索 | 6.46±2.49 | 8 | 25 | |
论文 | 6.52±2.52 | 6 | 22 | |
课题立项、科技获奖 | 6.39±2.56 | 10 | 27 | |
门诊教学 | 6.50±2.48 | 7 | 23 | |
授课讲座 | 6.28±2.50 | 14 | 35 | |
教学管理 | 6.17±2.54 | 16 | 38 | |
全科人文素养 | 职业道德 | 6.48±2.54 | 4 | 24 |
医学心理 | 6.54±2.46 | 3 | 21 | |
医学伦理 | 6.34±2.50 | 7 | 32 | |
医生法规 | 6.59±2.45 | 2 | 19 | |
伦理隐私 | 6.33±2.49 | 8 | 33 | |
沟通协调 | 6.65±2.51 | 1 | 16 | |
人文理念 | 6.35±2.53 | 6 | 31 | |
语言与美学修养 | 6.36±2.49 | 5 | 29 | |
人文综合运用 | 6.27±2.51 | 9 | 36 |
表2 不同特征全科医生能力提升意愿得分比较( ±s,分) |
基本特征 | 意愿得分 | t/F | P |
---|---|---|---|
性别 | -1.195 | 0.116 | |
男 | 253.92±81.78 | ||
女 | 260.19±80.58 | ||
年龄(岁) | 5.930 | <0.001 | |
<30 | 281.87±75.75 | ||
30~39 | 257.53±80.37 | ||
40~50 | 251.58±82.09 | ||
>50 | 255.78±80.57 | ||
职称 | 5.505 | <0.001 | |
初级 | 278.75±78.62 | ||
中级 | 253.85±81.88 | ||
副高级 | 254.06±76.48 | ||
正高级 | 265.35±93.90 | ||
工作年限(年) | 6.315 | <0.001 | |
<5 | 274.34±78.07 | ||
5~9 | 263.72±80.59 | ||
10~20 | 248.85±82.79 | ||
>20 | 250.23±77.24 | ||
学历 | 3.246 | 0.039 | |
大专及以下 | 274.97±84.11 | ||
本科 | 255.59±80.39 | ||
硕士及以上 | 268.57±81.69 | ||
全科住院医师规范化培训 | 0.699 | 0.242 | |
参加 | 260.00±79.61 | ||
未参加 | 256.72±82.42 |
表3 不同特征全科医生各维度能力提升意愿得分比较( ±s,分) |
基本特征 | 全科理论知识 | 全科临床技能 | 全科人文素养 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
意愿得分 | t/F | P | 意愿得分 | t/F | P | 意愿得分 | t/F | P | |
性别 | -1.500 | 0.067 | 1.227 | 0.110 | -0.637 | 0.262 | |||
男 | 88.14±25.99 | 108.50±37.17 | 57.29±20.97 | ||||||
女 | 90.61±25.16 | 111.42±36.70 | 58.16±21.09 | ||||||
年龄(岁) | 5.606 | <0.001 | 5.954 | <0.001 | 5.108 | 0.002 | |||
<30 | 97.10±23.25 | 121.30±35.20 | 63.47±19.39 | ||||||
30~39 | 89.63±25.19 | 110.33±36.55 | 57.58±21.16 | ||||||
40~50 | 87.87±26.02 | 107.61±37.17 | 56.11±21.36 | ||||||
>50 | 89.00±25.28 | 108.70±36.64 | 58.07±20.74 | ||||||
职称 | 5.352 | 0.001 | 4.981 | 0.002 | 5.513 | <0.001 | |||
初级 | 96.14±23.99 | 119.45±36.63 | 63.15±20.04 | ||||||
中级 | 88.31±25.84 | 108.73±37.08 | 56.81±21.37 | ||||||
副高级 | 89.15±24.27 | 108.45±34.88 | 56.46±20.08 | ||||||
正高级 | 92.55±29.05 | 112.25±42.11 | 60.55±23.76 | ||||||
工作年限(年) | 6.914 | <0.001 | 5.692 | <0.001 | 5.365 | 0.001 | |||
<5 | 95.26±23.60 | 117.52±36.24 | 61.56±20.46 | ||||||
5~9 | 91.49±25.06 | 112.85±36.78 | 59.38±21.21 | ||||||
10~20 | 86.73±26.45 | 106.50±37.40 | 55.63±21.30 | ||||||
>20 | 87.47±24.61 | 107.01±34.94 | 55.75±20.16 | ||||||
学历 | 2.086 | 0.125 | 3.702 | 0.025 | 3.453 | 0.032 | |||
大专及以下 | 94.17±25.31 | 117.67±38.50 | 63.13±21.29 | ||||||
本科 | 89.20±25.30 | 109.20±36.58 | 57.19±20.95 | ||||||
硕士及以上 | 92.42±25.92 | 116.02±37.11 | 60.12±21.21 | ||||||
全科住院医师规范化培训 | 0.579 | 0.281 | 0.802 | 0.211 | 0.584 | 0.280 | |||
参加 | 90.33±25.00 | 111.42±36.40 | 58.25±20.59 | ||||||
未参加 | 89.47±25.87 | 109.71±37.34 | 57.54±21.57 |
表4 全科医生倾向的能力提升途径[n (%)] |
一级指标 | 二级指标 | 社区全专结合 门诊学习 | 弹性进修 | 继续教育培训班 | 脱产进修学习 | 在职学历教育 | 其他 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
全科理论知识 | 常见疾病的处理 | 688(57.72) | 606(50.84) | 673(56.46) | 206(17.28) | 194(16.28) | 12(1.01) |
常见症状 | 688(57.72) | 581(48.74) | 670(56.21) | 189(15.86) | 203(17.03) | 14(1.17) | |
常用操作适应证及临床应用 | 630(52.85) | 606(50.84) | 662(55.54) | 161(13.51) | 162(13.59) | 15(1.26) | |
全科临床技能 | 急救技能 | 589(49.41) | 572(47.99) | 659(55.29) | 184(15.44) | 164(13.76) | 12(1.01) |
常用操作 | 611(51.26) | 565(47.40) | 644(54.03) | 166(13.93) | 157(13.17) | 9(0.76) | |
独立接诊 | 682(57.21) | 535(44.88) | 633(53.10) | 181(15.18) | 162(13.59) | 10(0.84) | |
全科人文素养 | 沟通协调 | 508(42.62) | 429(35.99) | 663(55.62) | 146(12.25) | 133(11.16) | 19(1.59) |
医生法规 | 459(38.51) | 399(33.47) | 715(59.98) | 135(11.33) | 147(12.33) | 15(1.26) | |
医学心理 | 534(44.80) | 475(39.85) | 662(55.54) | 178(14.93) | 140(11.74) | 11(0.92) |
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