Abbreviation (ISO4): Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae
Editor in chief: Xuetao CAO
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae >
Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing:Results in 3733 Cases of Twin Pregnancy and Association With Factors Such as Age
Received date: 2023-05-31
Online published: 2024-01-04
Objective To explore the clinical significance of non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)for fetal chromosomal abnormalities in the cases of twin pregnancy and its relationship with age and other related factors.Methods A total of 3733 women with twin pregnancy of 12-26+6 weeks who voluntarily underwent NIPT in the Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected.The results of NIPT and amniocentesis were compared and all the participants were followed up.The detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities by NIPT was calculated,and its correlations with age,gestational weeks,chorionicity,and pregnancy type were analyzed.Results Among the 3733 cases,71 cases of fetal chromosome abnormality were indicated by NIPT,including 13 cases of trisomy 21,19 cases of trisomy 18,5 cases of trisomy 13,18 cases of sex chromosome abnormality,and 16 cases of chromosome microdeletion/duplication(excluding 21,18,13,and sex chromosomes),among which 34 cases were true positive and 37 cases were false positive.The overall sensitivity,specificity,and positive predictive value(PPV)of NIPT for chromosomal abnormalities in the cases of twin pregnancy were 100%,98.99%,and 47.89%(34/71),respectively.NIPT showed the sensitivity,specificity,and PPV of 100%,99.78%,and 78.38%(29/37)for trisomy 21,18,and 13,100%,99.56%,and 16.67%(3/18)for sex chromosome abnormalities,and 100%,99.62%,and 12.5%(2/16)for chromosome microdeletion/duplication,respectively.In the age group of ≥40 years,the NIPT for chromosomal abnormalities showed the PPV of 66.67%,the sensitivity of 100%,and the misdiagnosis rate of 30%。However,the NIPT for trisomy 21,18,and 13 showed the PPV of 100%,the misdiagnosis rate of 0,and the sensitivity and specificity of 100%.In terms of grouping based on gestational weeks,the NIPT for chromosomal abnormalities showed the highest PPV(51.28%)in the women with twin pregnancy for 14-17+6 weeks,followed by that(50.00%)in the women with twin pregnancy for 22-26+6 weeks;the NIPT for trisomy 21,18,and 13 showed the highest PPV of 94.74% in the gestation group of 14-17+6 weeks,followed by that(83.33%)in the gestation group of 18-21+6 weeks.The rate of dichorionic diamniotic twins was higher in assisted pregnancies than in natural pregnancies,and NIPT showed the same detection efficiency for dichorionic diamniotic twins and monochorionic diamniotic twins and the same detection efficiency for different pregnancy types.Conclusions NIPT has high accuracy in the diagnosis of twin pregnancy and high sensitivity and high specificity for different ages and gestational weeks,especially for trisomy 21,18,and 13.NIPT is suitable for assisted pregnancy and natural pregnancy,and it is of high value in clinical application.However,extensive application needs a large population-based study.
Key words: twin pregnancy; non-invasive prenatal testing; age; gestational weeks; chorionicity
TU Haoyan , JIANG Yuan , LU Zhai’e . Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing:Results in 3733 Cases of Twin Pregnancy and Association With Factors Such as Age[J]. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2023 , 45(6) : 912 -920 . DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15704
表1 71例无创产前筛查技术高风险孕妇染色体异常筛查结果及妊娠结局 |
序号 | 年龄 (岁) | 孕周 | 受孕方式 | 绒毛膜性 | 无创产前筛查 技术结果 | 产前诊断结果 | 妊娠结局及随访 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
胎儿1 | 胎儿2 | ||||||||||||||
1 | 36 | 14+5 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 1胎唐氏儿,1胎健康 | |||||||
2 | 41 | 16+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
3 | 23 | 17+2 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 47,XN,+21 | 均引产 | |||||||
4 | 32 | 17+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
5 | 35 | 14+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 均引产 | |||||||
6 | 42 | 15 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 47,XN,+21 | 均引产 | |||||||
7 | 33 | 15+4 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
8 | 25 | 16 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T21高风险 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均为唐氏儿 | |||||||
9 | 45 | 16+5 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 均引产 | |||||||
10 | 36 | 16+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
11 | 37 | 17+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 均引产 | |||||||
12 | 38 | 17+5 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 47,XN,+21 | 46,XN | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
13 | 36 | 16 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T21高风险 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
14 | 31 | 17+5 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
15 | 22 | 25+1 | 辅助妊娠 | MCDA | T18高风险 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
16 | 31 | 14+2 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
17 | 33 | 15 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
18 | 32 | 22+6 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 46,XN | 47,XN,+18 | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
19 | 41 | 17+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 1胎T18夭折,1胎健康 | |||||||
20 | 42 | 15 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 1胎T18夭折,1胎健康 | |||||||
21 | 44 | 16+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
22 | 38 | 18+1 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
23 | 28 | 22+2 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 1胎T18夭折,1胎健康 | |||||||
24 | 29 | 23 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T18高风险 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
25 | 32 | 19+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
26 | 25 | 22+4 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
27 | 33 | 15+1 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 46,XN | 47,XN,+18 | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
28 | 31 | 15+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
29 | 32 | 23+2 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 46,XN | 47,XN,+18 | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
30 | 31 | 14+4 | 辅助妊娠 | MCDA | T18高风险 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
31 | 33 | 14+6 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
32 | 27 | 18+3 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | T18高风险 | 47,XN,+18 | 47,XN,+18 | 均引产 | |||||||
33 | 28 | 12+4 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T13高风险 | 47,XN,+13 | 47,XN,+13 | 均引产 | |||||||
34 | 32 | 14+1 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T13高风险 | 47,XN,+13 | 47,XN,+13 | 均引产 | |||||||
35 | 28 | 13+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | T13高风险 | 47,XN,+13 | 47,XN,+13 | 均引产 | |||||||
36 | 27 | 13+4 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T13高风险 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
37 | 29 | 13+6 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | T13高风险 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
38 | 18 | 12+6 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | X单体 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
39 | 36 | 13+2 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | X单体 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
40 | 38 | 18+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目减少 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
41 | 25 | 16+5 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目增加 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
42 | 29 | 14+4 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | 性染色体数目增加 | 47,XXY | 47,XXY | 均引产 | |||||||
43 | 28 | 19+2 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目减少 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
44 | 26 | 15+5 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目增加 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
45 | 33 | 14+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目增加 | 47,XXY | 46,XN | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
46 | 27 | 16+3 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目减少 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
47 | 34 | 15+2 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目增加 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
48 | 31 | 15+1 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目减少 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
49 | 29 | 16+6 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | X单体 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
50 | 33 | 15+2 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | X单体 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
51 | 24 | 18 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目增加 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
52 | 31 | 14+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目增加 | 47,XXY | 46,XN | 1胎减胎,1胎健康 | |||||||
53 | 29 | 15+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目减少 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
54 | 35 | 16+4 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 性染色体数目减少 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
55 | 28 | 16 | 自然妊娠 | MCDA | 性染色体数目减少 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
56 | 26 | 19+2 | 辅助妊娠 | MCDA | 20号片段重复 | 20p13p12.1(61,662- 16,415,329)×3 | 20p13p12.1(61,662- 16,415,329)×3 | 均引产 | |||||||
57 | 42 | 16+5 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 7号局部缺失 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
58 | 28 | 17+1 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 5号片段重复 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
59 | 43 | 15+6 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 7号局部缺失 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
60 | 30 | 16+6 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 3号片段重复 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
61 | 32 | 20+1 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 20号局部缺失 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
62 | 25 | 14+5 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 14号数目偏多 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
63 | 28 | 16+2 | 自然妊娠 | DCDA | 20号片段重复 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
64 | 32 | 16+3 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 14号片段重复 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
65 | 33 | 17+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 16号局部缺失 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
66 | 26 | 16+1 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 7号局部缺失 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
67 | 25 | 15+2 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 15号片段重复 | 46,XN | 46,XN | 均健康 | |||||||
68 | 27 | 18+4 | 辅助妊娠 | MCDA | 12号片段重复 | 12q21.2q21.32(79,161,427-88,292,915)×3 | 12q21.2q21.32(79,161,427-88,292,915)×3 | 均引产 | |||||||
69 | 31 | 14+5 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 16号局部缺失 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
70 | 25 | 14+6 | 辅助妊娠 | DCDA | 20号片段重复 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 | |||||||
71 | 40 | 15+6 | 辅助妊娠 | MCDA | 8号片段重复 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 拒绝羊水穿刺 | 均健康 |
DCDA:双绒毛膜双羊膜囊;MCDA:单绒毛膜双羊膜囊 |
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