
Selective Ionic Removal Strategy and Adsorbent Preparation
Zhixuan Wang, Shaokui Zheng
Prog Chem ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5) : 780-793.
Selective Ionic Removal Strategy and Adsorbent Preparation
The selective ionic removal from water or wastewater by newly-developed adsorbents has been intensely investigated around the world since 1960s. These selective ionic adsorbents were used to control the concentrations of specific ions in drinking water or wastewater in the presence of plentiful coexisting ions to prepare quality drinking water or avoid ecological hazards in natural waterbodies due to wastewater discharge. Due to remarkable market demands and wide application prospects, this topic still generates numerous amazing findings in terms of international publications in recent decade. Besides the history, the present status and the research bias, this paper lays particular emphasis on the four selective ionic removal strategies involved in previous studies (i.e., the molecular imprinting technology, the soft and hard acid base theory, the non-electrostatic interaction theory, and the self-inhibition theory of competitive ions), including their mechanisms, histories, and adsorbent preparations and applications. Finally, this review also prospects the future research directions. This review provides overall information for the further development of selective ionic adsorbents for water or wastewater treatment.
1 Introduction
2 Selective ion adsorption materials based on molecular imprinting technology
2.1 Principles and development history of molecular imprinting technology
2.2 Preparation of molecularly imprinted materials and selective ion adsorption
3 Selective ion adsorption materials based on hard and soft acid base theory
3.1 The development history of acid-base theory
3.2 Preparation of hard and soft acid base materials and selective ion adsorption
4 Selective anion adsorption materials based on non-electrostatic interaction
4.1 Selective ion adsorption based on hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity
4.2 Selective ion adsorption based on hydrogen bonding
5 Selective ion adsorption of standard resin based on competitive ion self-inhibition mechanism
6 Conclusion and outlook
selective ionic removal / strategy / water treatment / adsorbent
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