Condensate Matter Chemistry of Subcritical or Supercritical Reactions

Yuan Zhang; Beining Zheng; Xiaofeng Wu; Keke Huang; Shouhua Feng

doi:10.7536/PC230224

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Prog Chem ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6) : 968-982. DOI: 10.7536/PC230224

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Condensate Matter Chemistry of Subcritical or Supercritical Reactions

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Abstract

Through chemical reactions, definite and complex atomic and molecular condensed matter is formed. The multi-dimensional composite and synergy of the interactions between atoms and molecules expand the structure pattern of matter, and the properties of the system change dramatically, showing some characteristics of condensed matter chemistry. Under certain conditions or under supercritical disproportionation reaction, manganese metal ions are aggregated into complex modulated structures in the form of three oxidation states. In this paper, from the perspective of condensed matter chemistry, the formation of atomic-scale pn junction solids under subcritical hydrothermal conditions, quantum IV properties and electric field induced superflow phenomenon are introduced in detail, and chemical reaction driven condensed matter transition is discussed. This paper also introduces the basic properties of condensed fluid and chemical reactions involving gas molecules at all levels of condensed scale, including chemical bond repair reaction, hydrothermal reaction, artificial rainfall, tumor regression, as well as the mechanism and potential applications of condensed matter chemical reactions under supercritical conditions.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Concept and properties of supercritical fluid

2.1 Area of supercritical fluid on phase diagram

2.2 Critical phenomena in state transition

2.3 Properties of supercritical water

2.4 Properties of supercritical CO₂

2.5 Properties of supercritical alcohol system

3 Solid formation under subcritical/supercritical conditions

3.1 Hydrothermal disproportionation under subcritical condition

3.2 Triple valence state and modulation structure of Mn

3.3 Atomic-scale pn junction and quantum IV effect

4 Application of supercritical fluid reaction

4.1 Chemical reaction

4.2 Industrial production

4.3 Environmental protection

4.4 C₁transformation and origin of life

4.5 Supercritical gases in astrophysics and planetary science

5 Future application direction of subcritical/supercritical system

5.1 Bose-Einstein condensation

5.2 Biocondensed matter-amino acid polymer and protein

5.3 Cancer treatment and tumor regression

5.4 Conclusion and prospect

Key words

supercritical / hydrothermal disproportionation reaction / atomic-scale pn junction / Bose-Einstein condensate / regression of tumor

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Yuan Zhang , Beining Zheng , Xiaofeng Wu , et al . Condensate Matter Chemistry of Subcritical or Supercritical Reactions[J]. Progress in Chemistry. 2023, 35(6): 968-982 https://doi.org/10.7536/PC230224

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