
Nanomaterials-Mediated Autophagy-Based Cancer Treatment
Jin Weitao, Yang Ting, Jia Jimei, Zhou Xiaofei
Prog Chem ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (11) : 1655-1673.
Nanomaterials-Mediated Autophagy-Based Cancer Treatment
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely used in the field of cancer treatment. It is well known that autophagy, as a process that maintains cellular homeostasis, plays a dual role in promoting survival and death in cancer development. The level of autophagy in cancer cells is significantly higher than that in normal cells, resulting in various treatment strategies being ineffective. Synergistic treatment of cancer by perturbing autophagy has become a viable option, but traditional autophagy perturbing agents such as chloroquine may lead to certain other side effects. In addition, it has been demonstrated that nanomaterials can be used as a novel autophagy perturber, but the mechanism by which nanomaterials interfere with autophagy needs to be more deeply understood. This review provides an overview of the dual relationship between cancer and autophagy, and highlights the mechanisms by which various nanomaterials induce cancer cell death or apoptosis by perturbing autophagy, or enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to conventional cancer therapy by perturbing autophagy, and the mechanisms by which they modulate autophagy.
1 Introduction
2 Cancer and autophagy
2.1 Autophagy inhibits the occurrence of cancer
2.2 Autophagy promotes cancer development
3 Effect of nanomaterials on autophagy
4 Nanomaterials treat cancer by perturbing autophagy
4.1 Metallic nanomaterials
4.2 Oxide nanomaterials
4.3 Carbon based nanomaterials
4.4 Other Nanomaterials
5 Mechanisms of autophagy perturbed by nanomaterials
5.1 Oxidation stress
5.2 Perturbation of autophagy-related signaling pathways
5.3 Lysosomal dysfunction
6 Conclusion
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