In order to provide the basis information for the discordant chemical components of flue-cured tobacco in Henan, the chemical components leaves were determined and compared in Henan and Brazil flue-cured tobacco. The volatile aromatic component was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and a routine chemical component was tested by flow analyzer. The results showed that: the soluble total sugar average contents was 22.18% and the reducing sugar average contents was 20.94% in Henan. The average value of the nicotine, total nitrogen and potassium in Henan were 1.87%, 2.26% and 1.84%. The coefficient of variation of the ratio of potassium chloride was large, instable. The soluble total sugar average contents was 17.82% and the reducing sugar average contents was 19.52% in Brazil. The average value of the nicotine, total nitrogen and potassium in Henan were 2.15%, 3.00% and 2.57%. The coefficient of variation of the ratio of potassium chloride was small, stable. The total contents of aroma compositions of tobacco leaves in Brazil were 985.36-1222.9 μg/g and those were 772.4-1103.19 μg/g in Henan. The higher dissolutions of content of flue-cured tobacco in Brazil was neophytadiene, phenylalanine, carotenoid and cembranenoid, The dissolutions of browning reaction of flue-cured tobacco in Henan was the higher than in Brazil.