Abbreviation (ISO4): Journal of Agriculture
Editor in chief: Shiyan QIAO
This study aims to clarify the optimal fertilization strategy for rice production in Heilongjiang 854 Farm and realize high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation. Taking the local main cultivar ‘Longjing 31’ as the test material, four fertilization treatments were established, including conventional fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization+5%, conventional fertilization+10%, and conventional fertilization+15%. The effects of different fertilization rates on soil physicochemical properties, rice phenology, agronomic traits, yield and economic benefits were systematically investigated. Results indicated that fertilization variation had no significant effects on soil physicochemical properties or rice phenological periods. However, moderate increase in fertilization rate significantly improved rice yield-related traits, such as plant height, tiller number, panicle number, grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight. The treatment with 15% higher than conventional fertilization performed the best, with the actual yield reaching 10305.0 kg/hm2, which was 6.25% higher than that of CK. Economic benefit analysis showed that this fertilization regime achieved the highest yield-increasing benefit, with an additional profit of 2763 yuan per hectare, far exceeding the fertilizer cost. In conclusion, moderately increasing fertilization rate can not only effectively improve rice yield but also bring significant economic benefits, providing a scientific basis and optimized technical support for high-yield and high-efficiency rice cultivation.
Rice false smut has become an important panicle disease that restricts the high quality and high yield of rice. The effect of pathogen infection on the community structure and diversity of endophytic fungi in rice is not clear, and it is difficult to support the exploration of endophytic biocontrol resources and the analysis of disease resistance mechanism. In order to investigate the effects of endophytic fungi on the resistance of rice plants to false smut of rice, the susceptible japonica rice variety ‘Songjing 15’ was used as the experimental material. Rice plants were artificially inoculated with conidiospores of Ustilaginoidea virens, and DNA was extracted from different tissues for construction of a fungal 16S rRNA gene library. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the structural composition and diversity of the fungal communities. The results showed that the diversity and richness of the endophytic fungal community in healthy plants were higher than that in infected plants. Species grouping belonged to 4 phyla, 15 classes, 26 orders, 44 families, and 56 genera. Infection by Ustilaginoidea virens altered the abundance of endophytic fungi in different rice tissues. At the genus level, compared with susceptible spikes, nine genera were increased and four genera were decreased in healthy spikes; eleven genera were increased and seven genera were decreased in healthy stems; eight genera were increased and six genera were decreased in healthy leaves; seven genera were increased and seven genera were decreased in healthy roots. Healthy plants had higher fungal community diversity and abundance than susceptible plants. Beneficial fungi such as Aureobasidium, Solicoccozyma, Phaeosphaeria, Coniothyrium, Nigrospora, Sporobolomyces, Nigrospora, Strobilurus, Pyrenochaetopsis with antibacterial activity and growth-promoting effects were found in higher abundance in healthy plants. This study provided a basis for biological control of rice false smut disease. Studies have confirmed that the infection of Ustilaginoidea virens can lead to the disorder of endophytic fungal community in rice and the decrease of beneficial fungal abundance.Healthy endophytic fungal structure is helpful to improve the disease resistance potential of rice. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and resource support for the excavation of antagonistic endophytic fungi against rice false smut and the construction of biological control strategies for rice diseases. In the future, the separation and verification of dominant beneficial bacteria and the study of functional mechanism can be carried out.
Current research on the nutritional profiling of functional characteristic rice has mostly focused on anthocyanins, while systematic comparative studies on mineral elements among different varieties of purple-leaf rice and under different processing precisions (brown rice/milled rice) are scarce, which makes it difficult to support the screening of high-nutrition characteristic rice varieties and their industrial development. To clarify the mineral nutrition characteristics of purple-leaf rice, reveal the correlations among leaf color, rice color, and mineral element accumulation, and screen high-nutrition and excellent purple-leaf rice varieties, this study used 14 purple-leaf rice varieties as materials, with the conventional rice ‘Meixiangzhan 2’ as a control. The contents of 7 mineral elements (K, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Se) in brown rice and milled rice were determined, and the variety differences, processing losses, and phenotypic correlations were compared. The results showed that there were significant differences in mineral elements among purple-leaf rice varieties; leaf color was significantly correlated with rice color and trace element accumulation, with the overall higher trace element contents in rice with dark purple-red leaves and light red brown rice. After brown rice was processed into milled rice, significant losses of Fe, Zn, and Se occurred, with the most prominent loss of Fe. ‘Yingzi’ had significantly higher contents of the 7 elements in both brown rice and milled rice compared with the control, showing prominent nutritional advantages; ‘Aizi’ and ‘Ziyehongmi’ were rich in Fe, Zn, and Se in their brown rice, having high potential for nutritional development. Comprehensive evaluation suggests that purple-leaf rice is a high-quality functional rice resource; ‘Yingzi’ can be prioritized for promotion as a characteristic rice rich in iron, zinc, and selenium. In the future, combined with cultivation regulation and breeding improvement, efforts can be made to increase yield and improve agronomic traits while maintaining high mineral nutrition.
In order to breed new corn varieties suitable for planting in the mountainous areas of Southwest China to satisfy the seed requirements of local farmers, a white-grain corn single cross variety ‘Baoyu No.19’ was bred by using the self-bred inbred line ‘Bao123’ as the female parent and ‘Bao 129’ as the male parent (‘Bao 123’בBao 129’). In the corn variety joint trial at mid-to-high altitude regions of Yunnan Province for two consecutive years (2021-2022), its average yield of two-year regional trials was 11202 kg/hm2, which was 11.9 % higher than that of the control; the average yield of the production trial was 10663.5 kg/hm2 in 2022, the yield increase was 8.9 %, and the yield increase point rate was 100%. This variety belonged to the mid-maturing large-ear type variety with growth period of 122 daysand good quality. The average ear length was 19.8 cm, ear diameter was 5.2 cm, number of grains per ear was 582 1000-grain weight was 355 g, seed rate was 86.3%, and grain bulk density was 784 g/L. The variety is resistant to northern leaf blight and sheath blight, moderately resistant to gray spot and southern rust, and has strong lodging resistance. It is suitable for planting at an altitude of 1000-2000 m in Yunnan Province. It was approved by Yunnan Province Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2023, with the advantages of high yield, large ear, density tolerance and wide adaptability, and its comprehensive performance was outstanding. The breeding process, characteristics, yield performance, cultivation practices of ‘Baoyu No.19’ were introduced to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for its demonstration and promotion, aiming to expedite the large-scale production and application of ‘Baoyu No.19’.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of mix sowing of different maize varieties on population characteristics and yield in soybean-maize strip intercropping systems, providing a reference for optimizing the population structure and further enhancing the benefits of soybean-maize strip intercropping. Under the 6:4 row ratio planting pattern of soybean and maize, the tall maize variety ‘Denghai 710’ (DH710), dwarf maize variety ‘Huangjinliang MY73’ (MY73), and soybean variety ‘Qihuang 34’ (QH34) were selected as experimental materials. Three intercropping pattern treatments were established: monocropping tall maize variety in the maize strip (TD), monocropping dwarf maize variety in the maize strip (TM), and intercropping tall maize variety in the inner rows with dwarf maize variety in the border rows (TF). Additionally, three pure variety treatments were included: monocropped DH710 (MD), monocropped MY73 (MM), and monocropped QH34 (SQ). The study examined the effects of maize variety mixtures on yield and yield components, light distribution characteristics, and economic benefits of the intercropping system. The results showed that the maize yield of TF treatment was 3.56% and 8.97% higher than TM and TD, respectively, and the economic benefits were 2.46% and 10.60% higher than TM and TD, respectively; mixed cropping of tall and dwarf maize varieties significantly enhanced light interception in the upper canopy of maize rows, demonstrating strong biomass production capacity, with the increase in dry matter accumulation in inner rows being greater than the decrease in border rows. In summary, by using the mixed sowing of ‘inner row high stalk + border row dwarf’, the wave canopy can be constructed, the light distribution can be optimized, the dry matter accumulation can be improved, and the maize yield can be increased, the soybean yield can be stabilized, and the comprehensive benefit can be improved. This model is simple and easy, adapts to the existing agricultural machinery, and provides a new path for high yield and high efficiency of compound planting in Huang-Huai-Hai region.
To explore methods for evaluating the aging quality of tobacco lamina and establish a corresponding evaluation model, this study utilized middle tobacco leaves from the 2020 southwestern tobacco-growing region as experimental materials. Five aging time (10, 16, 22, 28, 34 months) were set up to determine 10 chemical composition indexes such as total alkaloid, total sugar, polyphenol, γ-aminobutyric acid, proline and neophytadiene. Analytical methods such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and regression analysis were employed to assess the data and construct an aging quality evaluation model. Results revealed variations in evaluation indices across different aging periods: proline exhibited the smallest coefficient of variation (CV) at 5.19%, while amide amino acids showed the largest CV at 25.65%. KMO (0.783) and Bartlett sphericity test (P<0.05) were suitable for principal component analysis. PCA extracted two principal components with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 82.30%. Finally, a regression model (R2=0.996) including 7 indexes of γ-aminobutyric acid, total alkaloid, polyphenol, proline, neophytadiene, total sugar and basic amino acid was established. The prediction results of the model were completely consistent with the sensory quality score. The model developed through PCA and stepwise regression analysis provides a theoretical foundation for evaluating tobacco lamina aging quality and determining optimal aging durations.
Water and nitrogen are the core elements that restrict tomato production, and the water and nitrogen coupling is the key to achieve high-quality, efficient, green and sustainable production of tomato. This study systematically reviews the current status and mechanisms of water-nitrogen coupling in tomato cultivation, evaluating its comprehensive effects on yield-quality-efficiency-environment. Through literature synthesis and comparative analysis, we integrate evidence from both facility and field experiments, as well as model-based and omics-based approaches, to analyze the multi-dimensional impacts of water-nitrogen coupling on plant growth and development, photosynthesis, yield and quality, water and fertilizer use efficiency, and soil nitrate nitrogen dynamics. Results indicate that moderate water and nitrogen application enhances net photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency (WUE), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), while balancing yield and soluble solids content and reducing nitrate leaching and N2O emissions. By contrast, excessive water and nitrogen dilutes product quality and amplifies environmental risks. The study concludes that region-specific synergistic water-nitrogen management can achieve the integration of high yield, superior quality, and low emissions. In response to current challenges such as insufficient regional adaptability and standardization, nitrogen loss and environmental risks, trade-offs between yield and quality, and inconsistencies in fertilization timing and ratios, future research priorities are proposed, which include elucidating molecular mechanisms and genetic improvement, regulating rhizosphere microorganisms, developing IoT-enabled smart decision-making systems for precision management, innovating with controlled release fertilizers and reclaimed water resources, and establishing zonal parameterization frameworks.
To address the problem of frequent late spring coldness in tobacco-growing areas of northern Guangdong, which hinders the growth of tobacco seedlings, this study aimed to clarify the low-temperature adaptability and physiological response characteristics of the main tobacco cultivar ‘Yueyan 97’ to support cold-resistant management during the seedling stage. The tobacco seedlings at the 4-leaf, 6-leaf, and 8-leaf stages were used as materials, and the low-temperature treatments of 5, 10, and 15℃ and the control treatment of 25℃ were set up in this study. After 24 hours of cultivation, the leaf chlorophyll content, nitrogen content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, and soluble protein content were determined for analyzing the characteristics of low-temperature adaptability. The results showed: (1) The response of antioxidant system and osmotic adjustment substances were significantly induced by low temperature, and the SOD activity, POD activity and soluble protein content at 5℃ were increased by 32%-54%, 44%-54% and 23%-60%, respectively, compared with the control at 25℃. The chlorophyll and nitrogen content reached the highest at the 4-leaf stage, reaching 52.62 SPAD and 18.08 mg/g at 5℃, respectively, which increased by 11%-168% compared with other seedling ages. (2) The difference of seedling age significantly affected the adaptability to low temperature. The chlorophyll and nitrogen content were dominant in the 4-leaf stage, while SOD activity [53.93 U/(g·FW)], POD activity [138.56 U/(g·FW)] and soluble protein content [28.43 mg/(g·FW)]were dominant in the 8-leaf stage, which were significantly better than those in the 6-leaf stage. (3) The correlation analysis showed that chlorophyll content was positively correlated with nitrogen content (r=0.916-0.998), SOD activity was positively correlated with soluble protein content at 5℃ (r=0.917), and POD activity was positively correlated with soluble protein content at 10℃ (r=0.741). The results showed that the seedlings of ‘Yueyan 97’ exhibited good adaptability to low-temperature conditions, the seedlings at 4-leaf stage and 8-leaf stage showed the best performance, and its low temperature adaptation mechanism was closely related to the synergistic effect of nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant system and osmotic adjustment substances. This study can provide data support for the further research on the cold resistance mechanism of ‘Yueyan 97’ and its cultivation promotion.
The paper aims to comprehensively understand the phenotypic diversity of fruit traits in Akebia trifoliata germplasms and provide a theoretical reference for the selection of elite germplasm of this species. A total of 61 germplasm resources of Akebia trifoliata were evaluated, and 11 fruit traits were measured, including single fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, et al. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis were performed. The variation coefficient of 11 fruit traits ranged from 8.99% to 25.72%. Among them, the variation coefficient for seed weight, peel weight, pulp weight, seed number, and 100-grain weight was higher, indicating that great potential of these traits in germplasm improvement. The correlation analysis showed that fruit weight was highly significantly positive correlated with peel thickness and peel weight, and significantly negative correlated with edible ratio. Meanwhile, seed number was highly significantly positive correlated with seed weight, but not with other fruit traits. According to cluster analysis, the 61 A. trifoliata were divided into 3 groups at the Euclidean distance of 20. The group I was characterized by small fruit, medium seed number, and high edible ratio; the group Ⅱ was characterized by high seed number, medium fruit and edible ratio; the group Ⅲ was characterized by big fruit, low edible ratio, and less seed number. The principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components reached to 76.85%. According to comprehensive score, the top ten germplasms were No.43, No.32, No.8, No.45, No.52, No.59, No.57, No.31, No.47 and No.35, which were belonged to group Ⅱand group Ⅲ; and the last fifteen germplasms were belonged to group Ⅰ mostly. In summary, the fruit traits of the 61 A. trifoliata germplasms have abundant variation and most of fruit traits were correlated. The results of cluster analysis and principal component analysis consistently demonstrated that the germplasm of A. trifoliata can be effectively divided by fruit traits. The study provides theoretical basis and pratical guidance for the excavation and selection of excellent A. trifoliata germplasm.
The paper aims to elucidate the compositional characteristics and core contributing components of aroma substances in ‘Fuji’ apple at floral and young fruit stages. A combination of headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to systematically analyze the characteristics of aroma components in flowers and young fruits of ‘Fuji’ apple. And the key aroma components were evaluated based on the odor activity value (OAV). The results showed that a total of 59 aroma components were identified in the flowers and young fruits of ‘Fuji’ apple, among which 46 were found in the flowers and 26 in the young fruits. Aldehydes (61.85%) and alcohols (22.13%) were the main components in flowers, and aldehydes accounted for 86.73 % in young fruits. Analysis via odor activity value (OAV) revealed that a total of 11 characteristic aroma substances constituted the core aroma profile of ‘Fuji’ apple flowers and young fruits, with 11 in the flowers and 7 in the young fruits. Phenylacetaldehyde, 2-hexenal, hexanal and benzyl alcohol were the core contributors, and the overall aroma was dominated by green and fruity aroma. The study constructs the difference of aroma spectrum and key aroma substances between flower and young fruit of ‘ Fuji ‘ apple, and reveals the aroma evolution law of flower and fruit stage, which provide theoretical basis for the resource utilization of apple flower and fruit thinning waste, the development of natural spices and the regulation of fruit flavor quality. In the future, the regulation mechanism of aroma synthesis can be deeply analyzed by combining metabolome and transcriptome.
This study aims to explore the effects of nitrogen (N) reduction under rapeseed green manure incorporation on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, providing theoretical support for developing a nitrogen-reduction and efficiency-enhancing fertilization strategy in green tobacco production. Using ‘Yunyan 87’ as the test material, a single-factor experiment was conducted with five treatments: conventional N fertilization (N100) and N reductions of 10% (N90), 20% (N80), 30% (N70), and zero N (N0) after green manure incorporation. Agronomic traits, root activity, SPAD values, key enzyme activities in carbon-nitrogen metabolism, and economic indicators were systematically analyzed to elucidate the regulatory effects of N reduction. The results indicated that a 20% N reduction (N80) maintained normal tobacco growth, while further reductions significantly inhibited plant development. At the rosette stage, N80 achieved peak root activity [210 μg/(g‧h)], representing increases of 68.27% and 168.59% compared to N100 and N0, respectively. Leaf SPAD values exhibited an initial increase followed by a gradual decline during the growth period, with N application significantly enhancing chlorophyll content. At the budding stage, key enzyme activities in carbon-nitrogen metabolism followed the order N80≥N90>N100≥N70. Specifically, N80 showed significantly higher activities of glutamine synthetase, nitrate reductase, and sucrose phosphate synthase than other treatments (P<0.05). While tobacco yield decreased stepwise with N reduction, economic indicators (output value, average price, and medium-to-high grade leaf proportion) displayed parabolic trends, peaking under N80. Compared to N100, N80 increased output value by 8.13%, average price by 21.04%, and medium-to-high grade leaf proportion by 5.79%. Coupling rapeseed green manure incorporation with a 20% N reduction optimizes tobacco growth, enhances leaf quality, and maximizes economic returns, establishing N80 as a scientifically validated and practical strategy for sustainable tobacco cultivation.
Frozen soil is a crucial factor affecting agricultural production in Jilin Province. Jilin Province is located in a seasonal frozen soil zone, and the soil begins to freeze in late autumn and early winter, followed by thawing in spring. The timing of soil thawing in spring coincides with key agricultural activities including soil tillage, spring plowing, and spring sowing of rice and corn, and a delayed soil thawing can postpone these critical agricultural activities. Under the long-term global climate change, the patterns of soil freezing and thawing will have corresponding changes. This study aims to clarify the variations in soil freezing-thawing patterns and their impacts on agricultural production under climate warming, in light of the seasonal soil freezing-thawing process in Jilin Province is highly coupled with spring and autumn farming activities. Based on the observational data of frozen soil, mean air temperature and 0 cm soil temperature from 49 meteorological stations in Jilin Province during 1961-2020, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of initial soil freezing date, maximum frozen soil depth, topsoil thawing date and complete thawing date, and the seasonal and interdecadal variation characteristics of mean air temperature and 0 cm soil temperature across the province were systematically analyzed by mean value and standard deviation analysis. The results showed: (1) the initial soil freezing date had been delayed at a rate of 0.8 days per decade, and the average date was November 15 during 2011-2020, with spatial characteristics of later freezing in the east and south areas, and earlier in the west and north. (2) The maximum frozen soil depth had decreased at a rate of 10 cm per decade, being significantly shallower in the 2010s compared to the 1960s, with a greater pronounced reduction in the west than in the east. (3) The thawing date of topsoil had advanced at a rate of 1.0 days per decade, and the complete thawing date had advanced at 0.4 days per decade, averaging April 27 during 2011-2020. (4) Both air temperature and 0 cm soil temperature showed significant increasing trends, with the most prominent warming in winter (0 cm soil temperature rising at a rate of 1.4℃ per decade). In conclusion, climate warming has led to a pattern of “delayed freezing, shallower frozen depth and earlier thawing” in the soil freezing-thawing process in Jilin Province, which is generally conducive to the implementation of spring and autumn farming activities. However, the risks of increased pest and disease activity and insufficient soil moisture in arid areas, require attention. In the future, combined with soil moisture data and crop growth period models, the precise impacts of freezing-thawing patterns on different crops can be further refined, providing support for the refined regulation of agricultural production.
The effects of different organic fertilizers, applied at equivalent nitrogen levels to replace chemical fertilizers on soil microbial communities were studied under equal-nitrogen conditions, to provide a microbiological basis for reducing chemical fertilizer application and offers theoretical guidance for improving soil fertility. Through corn cultivation trials, microbial community structure was analyzed, and the impacts of various fertilization treatments on soil microbial abundance and the correlations between microbes and soil environmental factors were investigated. The results showed that total microbial counts, from high to low, were composted kitchen waste, sheep manure, pig manure, pure chemical fertilizer, and mushroom residue compost. Except for mushroom residue compost, all other organic fertilizer treatments significantly increased total microbial populations compared to pure chemical fertilizer. Therefore, organic fertilizers significantly increased soil microbial biomass and improved soil physicochemical properties more effectively than chemical fertilizers. Bacteria and actinomycetes dominated the microbial communities in corn-growing soils, while fungi played the smallest role. Correlation analysis revealed that bacterial abundance was highly positively correlated with both actinomycete abundance and total microbial count; actinomycete abundance was also strongly positively correlated with total microbial count; fungal abundance was significantly positively correlated with soil moisture content. Bacteria and actinomycetes promoted plant growth except for the pure chemical fertilizer treatment, soil organic matter and total nitrogen in other treatments showed significant positive correlations with corn yield. Therefore, applying composts derived from kitchen waste, sheep manure, or pig manure promotes microbial proliferation, increases corn productivity, improves soil ecological conditions, and supports sustainable agricultural development.
In response to the severe impacts of frequent extreme weather events on pig farming industry in China under global climate change, this study employs inductive analysis to integrate provincial meteorological disaster data and pig farming loss data from 2014 to 2024. It systematically analyzes the current status and challenges of China’s pig farming industry under extreme weather conditions, proposing corresponding adaptation strategies to enhance disaster resilience and ensure national food security. This research has found that China’s primary pig-producing regions exhibit significant spatial overlap with meteorological disaster risk zones such as drought and flooding. Provinces including Sichuan, Henan, and Anhui are situated within combined drought-flood risk zones. The number of pig farming loss incidents is positively correlated with the frequency of meteorological disasters. Extreme weather causes substantial economic damage through physical destruction, supply chain disruptions, and disease transmission and so on. Existing meteorological disaster response measures provide multidimensional coverage, but face challenges including the absence of innovative service information systems for pig farming, insufficient multi-departmental coordination and financial safeguards, and a lack of flexibility in infrastructure development. Consequently, this study proposes adaptation strategies centred on science and technology innovation: (1) Establish a disaster management system based on technological innovation; (2) promote the collaborative development mechanism of meteorology and finance; (3) develop modern technologies to enhance the adaptive capacity of pigs. This research provides scientific references for China’s pig farming industry to address extreme weather risks. Moving forward, regionally differentiated strategies and the transformation of technological achievements into practical applications should be further strengthened.
The main grain producing areas are generally faced with the “Impossible Triangle” problem of ensuring national food security, improving farmers’ planting income, and expanding the local fiscal and taxation economy. How to build regional public brands with homogeneous grain and food, and how to coordinate food security and industrial value-added are realistic issues to be responded to in the field of rural industrial revitalization. Taking Shanxi Yuncheng flour, a national geographical indication product, as the research object, based on the “special” and “excellent” strategy of Shanxi agriculture, this paper integrates Porter’s five forces model and SWOT analysis framework to analyze the opportunities, weaknesses and market competition pattern of Yuncheng wheat public brand development from the perspectives of agricultural cultural endowment, raw material supply, quality advantage and industrial foundation. The study found that the core path to solve the “Impossible Triangle” of grain industry development is the collaborative linkage of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. The primary industry relies on the high-quality wheat base to promote green standardized production to consolidate the quality foundation of raw materials; the secondary industry eliminates backward production capacity, extends the wheat intensive processing chain to improve the added value of products; the tertiary industry deeply excavates the Yellow River farming culture and local pasta resources, and builds differentiated regional public brands through cultural empowerment and the industrialized operation of characteristic snacks. The study establishes a four-dimensional brand development strategy of “cultural addition, quality improvement subtraction, value-added multiplication and capacity division”, forms a multi-layer brand matrix of “regional public brand+enterprise brand+product brand”, and promotes the integration and reconstruction of industrial chain, value chain and supply chain. This study provides a reproducible theoretical idea and practical reference for Fenwei plain, Huang Huai Hai and other similar major grain producing areas to balance food security and industrial economic benefits, and cultivate regional public brands of grain.
ISSN 2095-4050 (Print)
Started from 2011
Published by: China Association of Agricultural Science Societies
