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Biochar System for Phosphorus Cycling: Enhanced Recovery from Wastewater and Performance Evaluation of Derived Slow-Release Phosphorus Fertilizers
Yunxian Liu, Xue Zhou, Hao Xu, Wei Yan
Prog Chem ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12) : 1902-1916.
PDF(13721 KB)
PDF(13721 KB)
Biochar System for Phosphorus Cycling: Enhanced Recovery from Wastewater and Performance Evaluation of Derived Slow-Release Phosphorus Fertilizers
Efficient recovery and recycling of phosphorus are of dual strategic significance to alleviate global phosphorus shortage and eutrophication. As a green, economical and multifunctional porous carbon material, biochar is an ideal carrier for phosphorus recovery and slow-release utilization. This paper discusses the influence of biomass feedstock and pyrolysis process on phosphorus adsorption capacity, and puts forward the principles of feedstock screening and preparation process optimization. Secondly, the metal modification-based enhancement strategy is analyzed in detail, and the mechanism and advantages of metal doping in enhancing phosphorus adsorption performance are clarified. Next, the synergistic effects involving electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, ligand exchange and surface precipitation during biochar phosphorus adsorption are systematically revealed, and functional groups and Lewis acid-base interactions contribute to the selectivity of phosphorus adsorption. The application of slow-release kinetic models to evaluate the phosphorus release mechanism is discussed, and a phosphorus fertilizer efficiency evaluation system is established by integrating slow-release characteristics and agronomic effect assessment. Finally, the future problems and directions are outlined to provide theoretical references for advancing this field.
1 Introduction
2 Strategies for preparation and modification of biochar-based adsorbents
2.1 Feedstock selection and preparation
2.2 Modification strategies for biochar
3 Biochar-phosphorus recovery mechanism
3.1 Synergistic mechanisms
3.2 Selective adsorption mechanisms
4 Performance evaluation of biochar-based phosphate fertilizer
4.1 Evaluation of phosphorus release kinetics and slow release properties
4.2 Assessment of agronomic effects
5 Conclusions and outlook
biochar / phosphorus / adsorption mechanism / slow-release phosphorus fertilizer / recycling
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