Fabrication，Structure Manipulation，and Performance of Fluorine-Containing Epoxy Resins

Jiahui Chen; Wenrui Chen; Shijia Yang; Yang Wang; Lanxuan Liu

doi:10.7536/PC20250907

PDF(4083 KB)

Prog Chem ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2) : 352-366. DOI: 10.7536/PC20250907

Review

Fabrication，Structure Manipulation，and Performance of Fluorine-Containing Epoxy Resins

Author information +

History +

Abstract

In recent years，the rapid advancement of modern technology in fields such as aerospace，electronic information，and deep-sea engineering has imposed increasingly stringent requirements on the comprehensive performance of materials serving in extreme environments （e.g.，high temperature，high humidity，strong corrosion，and high-frequency electric fields）. Traditional epoxy resins，however，suffer from inherent limitations such as insufficient heat resistance and limited chemical stability. To address these issues，fluorine atoms or fluorine-containing groups have been incorporated into epoxy resin systems through precise molecular design and structural regulation，leading to the development of a series of fluorinated epoxy resins with excellent heat resistance，low dielectric constant，and high chemical stability. While retaining the inherent high mechanical strength and excellent adhesion of conventional epoxy resins，these materials exhibit significantly enhanced comprehensive performance under extreme conditions，such as high temperature，high humidity，strong corrosion，and high-frequency electric fields，attributed to the high bond energy of C—F bonds and the strong electronegativity of fluorine atoms. This review begins with the construction methods of fluorine-containing epoxy resins and the mechanisms of fluorination modification，systematically summarizes the effects of various strategies，including chemical modification，physical blending，and surface fluorination，on the aggregation state structure，interfacial characteristics，and macroscopic properties. It further reviews the application progress of such materials in heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings，high-frequency electronic packaging，and composites for extreme environments. Current challenges related to cost control，performance balance，and environmental adaptability are discussed. Finally，future development trends and opportunities in green synthesis，intelligent responsiveness，and high-throughput design are prospected.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Synthesis and preparation of fluorine-containing epoxy resin

2.1 The synthesis method of fluorine-containing epoxy resin

2.2 The influence of functionalization modification on epoxy resin

3 Research progress and innovative breakthroughs in the multi-dimensional application of fluorine-containing epoxy resin materials

3.1 Chemical engineering field：long-lasting anti-corrosion and functional coating innovation

3.2 Electronics field：breakthroughs in high-frequency dielectric and integrated packaging

3.3 Frontier interdisciplinary field：innovation in extreme environments and green materials

4 Conclusion and outlook

Key words

epoxy resin / fluorine-containing group / synthesis methods / structural regulation / extreme environments / research progress

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

Jiahui Chen , Wenrui Chen , Shijia Yang , et al . Fabrication，Structure Manipulation，and Performance of Fluorine-Containing Epoxy Resins[J]. Progress in Chemistry. 2026, 38(2): 352-366 https://doi.org/10.7536/PC20250907

References

List( Publishing order | Descend order by publishing year | Descend order by cited within ) Chart analysis

[1]	Jeon H, Park J, Shon M. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2013, 19(3): 849. Cited in this article [1]

[2]	Zhang L, Wu Y H. CN103589293B, 2013. (张力, 吴业辉. CN103589293B, 2013.) Cited in this article [1]

[3]	Gu Z Q, Bi Y H, Ji J R. CN108546326B, 2018. (顾正青, 毕英慧, 计建荣. CN108546326B, 2018.) Cited in this article [1]

[4]	Wang Y H, Meng Y, Xing A, Wang H Q, Li X Y. Thermoset. Resin., 2022, 37(6): 64. (王云浩, 孟焱, 兴安, 王海侨, 李效玉. 热固性树脂, 2022, 37(6): 64.) Cited in this article [1]

[5]	Lee S B, Lee H J, Hong I K. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2012, 18(2): 635. Cited in this article [1]

[6]	Mohammed I A, Ali M F, Wan Daud W R. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2012, 18(1): 364. Cited in this article [1]

[7]	Kawahara T, Yuuki A, Hashimoto K, Fujiki K, Yamauchi T, Tsubokawa N. React. Funct. Polym., 2013, 73(3): 613. Cited in this article [1]

[8]	Teng N, Dai J Y, Wang S P, Hu J Y, Liu X Q. Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 428: 131226. Cited in this article [1]

[9]	Wu X X, Zhang Y, Ye C Y, Zhang Z B, Luo J L, Fu X Z. Prog. Chem., 2023, 35(2): 233. (邬学贤, 张岩, 叶淳懿, 张志彬, 骆静利, 符显珠. 化学进展, 2023, 35(2): 233.) Cited in this article [1]

[10]	Ma T. Doctoral Dissertation of Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 2022. (马天. 北京化工大学博士论文, 2022.) Cited in this article [1]

[11]	Xia K C, Yang S D, Li P X. Carbon Technol., 2021, 40(6): 20. (夏康程, 杨少丹, 李培旭. 炭素技术, 2021, 40(6): 20.) Cited in this article [1]

[12]	Al-Turaif H A. Prog. Org. Coat., 2013, 76(2/3): 477. Cited in this article [1]

[13]	Park S J, Jeong H J, Nah C. Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2004, 385(1/2): 13. Cited in this article [1]

[14]	Zhang H Y, Xie M, Goh T N, Shamsuzzaman M. Comput. Ind. Eng., 2011, 60(4): 485. Cited in this article [1]

[15]	You D Q, Liang H, Mai W Z, Zeng R, Tu M, Zhao J H, Zha Z G. J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 2013, 19(5): 1587. Cited in this article [1]

[16]	Heng T T, Zhang H, Chen M X, Hu X, Fang L, Lu C H. Prog. Chem., 2021, 33(4): 596. (衡婷婷, 张慧, 陈明学, 胡欣, 方亮, 陆春华. 化学进展, 2021, 33(4): 596.) Cited in this article [1]

[17]	Smart B E. J. Fluor. Chem., 2001, 109(1): 3. Cited in this article [1]

[18]	Sangermano M, Bongiovanni R, Priola A, Pospiech D. J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem., 2005, 43(18): 4144. Cited in this article [1]

[19]	Jin F L, Kim H Y, Park S J. J. Fluor. Chem., 2007, 128(3): 184. Cited in this article [1]

[20]	Lee J R, Jin F L, Park S J, Park J M. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2004, 180: 650. Cited in this article [1]

[21]	Tao Z Q, Yang S Y, Ge Z Y, Chen J S, Fan L. Eur. Polym. J., 2007, 43(2): 550. Cited in this article [1]

[22]	Wang X, Huang L N. Prog. Chem., 2009, 21(12): 2704. (王新波, 黄龙男. 化学进展, 2009, 21(12): 2704.) Cited in this article [1]

[23]	Pan Y, Wen Q Z, Zhu J H. Mater. Prot., 2020, 53(7): 114. (潘越, 文庆珍, 朱金华. 材料保护, 2020, 53(7): 114.) Cited in this article [1]

[24]	Lubkowski K, Smorowska A, Grzmil B, Kozłowska A. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2015, 63(10): 2597. Cited in this article [2]

[25]	Li M R, Zhao J H, Shang K, An Z L, Sun J P, Wang X, Lang J Y, Niu H, Feng Y, Li S T. Polymer, 2023, 281: 126124. Cited in this article [3]

[26]	Na T Y, Jiang H, Liu X, Zhao C J. Eur. Polym. J., 2018, 100: 96. Cited in this article [5]

[27]	Yu X H, Liu W Z. Adhesion, 2009, 30(5): 36. (虞鑫海, 刘万章. 粘接, 2009, 30(5): 36.) Cited in this article [1]

[28]	Rao J B, Yi Y, Huang C, Wu N. Chem. Eng. Equip., 2009(5): 13. (饶建波, 易英, 黄畴, 武娜. 化学工程与装备, 2009(5): 13.) Cited in this article [1]

[29]	Zhang X Y, Luo Y, Wang S W, Xie S H. CRIA, 2024, 71(8): 583. (张潇杨, 罗勇, 王世伟, 谢守华. 橡胶工业, 2024, 71(8): 583.) Cited in this article [1]

[30]	Zhang X G, Liu Z J, Li Y, Wang C J, Zhu Y J, Wang H Y, Wang J T. Chem. Eng. J., 2019, 371: 276. Cited in this article [1]

[31]	Brostow W, Chonkaew W, Menard K P, Scharf T W. Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2009, 507(1/2): 241. Cited in this article [2]

[32]	Zhan Z Y, Ruan H O, Lv F C, Liu W, Li Z B, Xie Q. Trans. China Electrotechnical Soc., 2020, 35(8): 1787. (詹振宇, 阮浩鸥, 律方成, 刘伟, 李志兵, 谢庆. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(8): 1787.) Cited in this article [1]

[33]	Hu Y X, Zhao W L, Wang L Q, Lin J P, Du L. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14(49): 55004. Cited in this article [2]

[34]	Zhao Y S, Zhang H, Zhu X Z, Wang M T, Shen D W, Fu C Q, Ma J. Smart Mater. Manuf., 2025, 3: 100079. Cited in this article [1]

[35]	Yan W, Zhu W. CN117303796A, 2023. (严文, 朱伟. CN117303796A, 2023.) Cited in this article [1]

[36]	Mochalova V, Utkin A, Nikolaev D, Savinykh A, Garkushin G, Kapasharov A, Malkov G. J. Appl. Phys., 2024, 136(4): 045902. Cited in this article [1]

[37]	Sun W J, Xu J Z, Song J H, Chen Y, Lv Z P, Cheng Y H, Zhang L. Mater. Horiz., 2023, 10(7): 2542. Cited in this article [1]

[38]	Zhao Z H, Jiang N C, Yin L P, Jia M Q, Zhou W P, Liu Z W. CN108409932A, 2018. (赵绍洪, 蒋南昌, 殷立平, 贾梦秋, 周文佩, 刘志文. CN108409932A, 2018.) Cited in this article [1]

[39]	Hu J W, Zou H L, Lin S D, Li F, Yang Y, Liu G J, Xiao D S. CN103588955A, 2013. (胡继文, 邹海良, 林树东, 李妃, 杨洋, 刘国军, 肖定书. CN103588955A, 2013.) Cited in this article [1]

[40]	Chen X B, Zhao S W, Yuan A Q, Chen S L, Liao Y S, Fu X W, Lei J X, Jiang L. Macromolecules, 2024, 57(1): 294. Cited in this article [1]

[41]	Liu H C, Sun Z L, Liu Y P, Ge Q, Wu X. Trans. China Electrotechnical Soc., 2023, 38(15): 4019. (刘贺晨, 孙章林, 刘云鹏, 葛琦, 吴璇. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(15): 4019.) Cited in this article [1]

[42]	Zou W, Zhang N, Li H, Ma X Y, Liu B, Liang Y L, Yan J. CN115819662B, 2022. (邹伟, 张楠, 李慧, 马小燕, 刘波, 梁艳丽, 颜杰. CN115819662B, 2022.) Cited in this article [1]

[43]	Wang X Y. Master’s Thesis of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2021. (王馨雨. 哈尔滨工业大学硕士论文, 2021.) Cited in this article [2]

[44]	Hu J, Pei D X, Ma Y N. CN118755029A, 2024. (胡君, 裴东旭, 马亚宁. CN118755029A, 2024.) Cited in this article [1]

[45]

Liu

, Zhang

Y F

, Yu

Z Y

, Yan

H X

. The 6th National Academic Symposium on Functional Polymer Materials, Xi’an: Special Committee on New Materials, China Electronics Energy Saving Technology Association, 2025.

(刘锐, 张依枫, 于之钰, 颜红侠. 第六届全国功能高分子材料学术研讨会, 西安: 中国电子节能技术协会新材料专业委员会, 2025.)

Cited in this article [1]

[46]	Ji T. Master’s Thesis of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, 2023. (纪拓. 陕西科技大学硕士论文, 2023.) Cited in this article [1]

[47]	Xu P M, Chen J, Geng M J, Zong C Y, Zheng Z B. CN116622273A, 2023. (徐培明, 陈杰, 耿梦娇, 宗传永, 郑子斌. CN116622273A, 2023.) Cited in this article [1]

[48]	Kang Y S. Master’s Thesis of China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology, 2023. (康岩松. 中国机械科学研究总院硕士论文, 2023.) Cited in this article [1]

[49]	Zhang F, Liu D F, Yang R, Lu D N. Macromolecules, 2024, 57(10): 4648. Cited in this article [1]

[50]	Hu W L, Yang L L, Miao L, Huang P B, Zhang S Z, Zhao Z B, Cang Y, Yang B. Mater. Rep., 2025, 39(17): 224. (胡文龙, 杨露露, 苗磊, 黄频波, 张树正, 赵志博, 仓钰, 杨斌. 材料导报, 2025, 39(17): 224.) Cited in this article [1]

[51]	Lu W G, Ge H Y. New Chem. Mater., 2025, 53(11): 185. (芦武刚, 葛曷一. 化工新型材料, 2025, 53(11): 185.) Cited in this article [1]

[52]	Wang Z M, Zhang X K, Xie J Q. Plastics, 2023, 52(2): 82. (王智敏, 张祥凯, 谢建强. 塑料, 2023, 52(2): 82.) Cited in this article [1]

[53]	Shin H, Eom W, Lee K H, Jeong W, Kang D J, Han T H. ACS Nano, 2021, 15(2): 3320. Cited in this article [4]

[54]	Fu J S, Guo Q, Cai W S, Shao X G. J. Instrum. Anal., 2025, 44(10): 2017. (付家顺, 郭琼, 蔡文生, 邵学广. 分析测试学报, 2025, 44(10): 2017.) Cited in this article [1]

[55]	Lu S, Chen X L, Liang Z, Wang X M, Su Q C, Qi W, Fu J. Spectrosc. Spectr. Anal., 2025, 45(10): 2701. (卢思, 陈晓丽, 梁正, 王小曼, 苏秋成, 亓伟, 付娟. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2025, 45(10): 2701.) Cited in this article [1]

[56]	Kastas G, Kastas Ç, Avsar C. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 2025, 769(1): 138. Cited in this article [1]

[57]	Hu H J, He C, Shi Q. J. Instrum. Anal., 2025, 44(8): 1505. (胡浩杰, 何晨, 史权. 分析测试学报, 2025, 44(8): 1505.) Cited in this article [1]

[58]	Ramzan I, Borowiec J, Parkin I P, Carmalt C J. ChemPlusChem, 2024, 89(8): e202400073. Cited in this article [1]

[59]	Cai R, Wan P, Xu Q, Lv T M, Sun Z G. Anal. Test. Technol. Instrum., 2024, 30(1): 53. (蔡蕊, 万鹏, 徐强, 吕天明, 孙智广. 分析测试技术与仪器, 2024, 30(1): 53.) Cited in this article [1]

[60]	He W, Lu Y H, Wang H Z. J. Chin. Electron Microsc. Soc., 2023, 42(2): 230. (何伟, 卢毓华, 王海舟. 电子显微学报, 2023, 42(2): 230.) Cited in this article [1]

[61]	Yalikun N, Gong H Z, Liu C F, Zhang Y S. Microchem. J., 2024, 207: 111769. Cited in this article [1]

[62]

Z H

, Wu

Z H

, Wu

Z Y

. In The 10th National Symposium on Youth Materials Science and Technology. Changsha: Organizing Committee of the 10th National Symposium on Youth Materials Science and Technology, 2005.

(李志宏, 吴忠华, 吴自玉. 第十届全国青年材料科学技术研讨会. 长沙: 第十届全国青年材料科学技术研讨会组委会, 2005.)

Cited in this article [1]

[63]	Chen C L, Poppe M, Poppe S, Tschierske C, Liu F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2020, 59(47): 20820. Cited in this article [1]

[64]	Aratsu K, Takeya R, Pauw B R, Hollamby M J, Kitamoto Y, Shimizu N, Takagi H, Haruki R, Adachi S I, Yagai S. Nat. Commun., 2020, 11: 1623. Cited in this article [1]

[65]	He L Y, Liu W W, Zou T, Chen Y D, Zhao J, Xu W. Anal. Test. Technol. Instrum., 2025, 31(3): 178. (和莉颖, 刘卫卫, 邹涛, 陈宇迪, 赵瑾, 许雯. 分析测试技术与仪器, 2025, 31(3): 178.) Cited in this article [1]

[66]	Han J, Liu Y H, Wei X F, Li P H, Song S J. J. Instrum. Anal., 2024, 43(8): 1249. (韩卓, 刘禹慧, 魏晓菲, 李彭辉, 宋善军. 分析测试学报, 2024, 43(8): 1249.) Cited in this article [1]

[67]	Ge Z Y, Tao Z Q, Li G, Ding J P, Fan L, Yang S Y. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2011, 120(1): 148. Cited in this article [3]

[68]	Wei W T, Chen L, Fang H, Hu Y, Yuan T, Yang H Z. Paint Coat. Ind., 2022, 52(8): 43. (韦文添, 陈磊, 方亨, 胡洋, 袁腾, 杨卓鸿. 涂料工业, 2022, 52(8): 43.) Cited in this article [3]

[69]	Yao J T, Wei M, Liu X F, Hu K, Ye T, Dong Q F, Yang L F. Chem. Ind. Eng. Prog., 2021, 40(8): 4421. (姚久提, 魏铭, 刘晓芳, 胡可, 叶桐, 董群锋, 杨立峰. 化工进展, 2021, 40(8): 4421.) Cited in this article [3]

[70]	Gao K, Xiang Y L, Fang J B, Ren Q, Wang C Y, Li J. PMSE, 2023, 39(8): 66. (高康, 向艳丽, 方建波, 任强, 汪称意, 李坚. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2023, 39(8): 66.) Cited in this article [3]

[71]	Zeng F B, Xu F B, Yi C F. Paint Coat. Ind., 2024, 54(1): 24. (曾凡宝, 徐祖顺, 易昌凤. 涂料工业, 2024, 54(1): 24.) Cited in this article [3]

[72]	Yang J, Qin S Y, Fang Y, Wang X H, Wang S. China Plast. Ind., 2024, 52(11): 55. (杨洁, 秦诗雨, 方煜, 王旭华, 王珊. 塑料工业, 2024, 52(11): 55.) Cited in this article [3]

[73]	Zhang J L, Dang L, Zhang F Y, Zhang K, Kong Q Q, Gu J W. JACS Au, 2023, 3(12): 3424. Cited in this article [1]

[74]	Lu J Y, Meng Y, He L F, Qiu T, Li X Y, Wang H Q. Color Science and Technology-The 2nd China Printing and Packaging Academic Conference. Beijing, China, 2012. (吕健勇, 孟焱, 何立凡, 邱藤, 李效玉, 王海侨. 颜色科学与技术-2012第二届中国印刷与包装学术会议, 中国北京, 2012.) Cited in this article [1]

[75]	Liu X, Zhou J J, Wu M H, Liu S M, Zhao J Q. Chem. Eng. J., 2023, 461: 142063. Cited in this article [3]

[76]	Liu X, Zhou J J, Liu S M, Zhao J Q. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater., 2023, 5(12): 10352. Cited in this article [3]

[77]	Du W B, Lin Z Y, Chen T, Chen Y M, Luo W A, Zeng B R, Chen G R, Dai L Z. Polym. Degrad. Stab., 2024, 229: 110932. Cited in this article [3]

[78]	Li X, Mei F C, Wu M, Duan H D, Yu Q, Han Y X, Wang Z W. Mod. Chem. Ind., 2024, 44(5): 212. (李晓, 梅凤策, 吴妹, 段好东, 于青, 韩玉玺, 王忠卫. 现代化工, 2024, 44(5): 212.) Cited in this article [3]