Efficient and Stable Metal Macrocyclic Molecular Catalyst for Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO

Guilong Wang; Shanhe Gong; Mengxian Li; Jun Liu; Xiaomeng Lv

doi:10.7536/PC240409

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Prog Chem ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2) : 173-184. DOI: 10.7536/PC240409

Review

Efficient and Stable Metal Macrocyclic Molecular Catalyst for Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO₂ to CO

Guilong Wang ¹^,³ ,
Shanhe Gong ¹^,³ ,
Mengxian Li ² ,
Jun Liu ¹ ,
Xiaomeng Lv ³^,^*

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History +

Abstract

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ into value-added chemicals has been a research hotspot in recent years, among which electrocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to CO is an industrial-related potential route. Among the electrocatalysts, metal macrocyclic molecular catalysts have attracted much attention due to their functional structure diversity, high conjugation structure, high chemical stability and great potential in electrochemical research. Herein, this paper reviews and introduces several main metal macrocyclic molecular catalysts, related reaction mechanisms and development progress. As to the problems of their low electrical conductivity and instability under long-term operation, the main strategies of heterogeneous systems on catalytic activity and stability were thoroughly discussed, including the introduction of the conductive carrier with high surface areas via non-covalence or covalence connection, building the polycondensation/ polymerization or COF skeleton structure, and modification of functional group with different effect. Finally, the challenges of catalytic activity and stability were analyzed and solving strategies were proposed, focusing on heterogeneous catalysts design, optimization of electrolyzer, and machine learning.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Development history of metal macrocyclic molecular catalysts for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction

3 Research on metal macrocyclic molecular catalysts and related catalytic mechanism

4 Regulation of the activity and stability of CO₂RR electrocatalyzed by metal macrocyclic molecular catalysts

4.1 Immobilization of a conductive carrier with a high surface area

4.2 Periodic skeleton structure formation

4.3 Combination with functional groups

5 Conclusion and prospect

Key words

macrocyclic molecular catalyst / electrocatalysis / carbon dioxide / stability / activity

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Guilong Wang , Shanhe Gong , Mengxian Li , et al . Efficient and Stable Metal Macrocyclic Molecular Catalyst for Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO₂ to CO[J]. Progress in Chemistry. 2025, 37(2): 173-184 https://doi.org/10.7536/PC240409

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