Application of Ionic Liquids in Lithium Metal Batteries

Ji Liu, Yaochun Yao, Shaoze Zhang, Keyu Zhang, Changjun Peng, Honglai Liu

Prog Chem ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5) : 788-800.

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Prog Chem ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5) : 788-800. DOI: 10.7536/PC240614
Review

Application of Ionic Liquids in Lithium Metal Batteries

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Abstract

Lithium metal batteries（LMBs）have emerged as a focal point for next-generation battery technology research due to their high energy density. However，the commercialization of lithium-metal batteries is hindered by a series of challenges，including lithium dendrite formation，volumetric expansion，and the rupture of the solid electrolyte interphase（SEI）. Ionic liquids（ILs）are emerging as key candidate materials to address these issues due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Despite the significant potential of ionic liquids in lithium-metal batteries，several pressing issues，such as high costs and high viscosity，need to be addressed. Future research should focus on developing new low-cost，high-performance ionic liquids and further understanding their mechanisms in batteries. Additionally，combining advanced characterization techniques and theoretical calculations to explore the dynamic behavior and interfacial phenomena of ionic liquids in lithium metal batteries will help advance their practical applications. This review summarizes the safety issues involved in the research and development of lithium metal batteries，as well as the research progress of ionic liquids in their application as electrolytes and solid electrolytes in lithium metal batteries.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 The existing challenges confronting lithium metal batteries

2.1 Lithium dendrite

2.2 Rupture of SEI

2.3 Lithium anode volume expansion

3 Application of the ionic liquid in electrolytes of lithium metal batteries

3.1 Concept and classification

3.2 Ionic liquids in liquid-state electrolytes

3.3 Ionic liquids in pseudo-solid-state electrolytes

3.4 Ionic liquids in additives

3.5 Ionic liquids in lithium salts

4 Conclusion and outlook

Key words

lithium metal battery / lithium dendrite / electrolyte / solid-electrolyte interface

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Ji Liu , Yaochun Yao , Shaoze Zhang , et al . Application of Ionic Liquids in Lithium Metal Batteries[J]. Progress in Chemistry. 2025, 37(5): 788-800 https://doi.org/10.7536/PC240614

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China(22108111)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52064031)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104302)
Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(202202AB080013)
Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(202101BE070001-020)
Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(202201AT070098)
Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(202201AU070158)
Xingdian Talent Support Project(YNQR-QNRC-2020-081)
China Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202210674025)
China Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202410674078)
Yunnan Provincce Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202310674135)
Kunming University of Science and Technology Analysis and Testing Funding(2023M20222202134)
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