Application of Two-Dimensional Materials in the Fabrication of Separation Membranes

Zhaoqian Zhang; Shaopeng Xin; Yunxia Hu

doi:10.7536/PC241009

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Prog Chem ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7) : 989-1001. DOI: 10.7536/PC241009

Review

Application of Two-Dimensional Materials in the Fabrication of Separation Membranes

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Abstract

With the continuous advancements in materials science and membrane separation technology， two-dimensional （2D） materials have demonstrated significant potential in the fabrication of novel separation membranes. The ultra-thin thickness of 2D materials facilitates the reduction of mass transfer resistance， thereby enhancing permeability. Furthermore， the in-plane or interlayer channels of 2D materials can be engineered to precise dimensions for accurate size sieving. When utilized in separation membranes， these characteristics enable simultaneously high mass transfer efficiency and separation capability. This review introduces various 2D materials suitable for separation membrane fabrication and outlines three primary membrane preparation strategies. The resultant membranes exhibit excellent performance in water treatment， organic solvent separation， and gas separation. The formation of pores in 2D material-based membranes， which includes interlayer and in-plane mass transfer channels， is discussed as a critical factor in membrane performance. Finally， the paper summarizes current challenges and research hotspots in this field， while outlining key research directions for the near future.

Contents

1 Introduction

2 2D materials for separation membrane fabrication

2.1 Graphene-based materials

2.2 Inorganic 2D materials

2.3 Organic 2D materials

2.4 Biomembrane materials

3 Strategies for constructing separation membranes using 2D materials

3.1 Pore making in film strategy

3.2 Layer-by-layer assembly strategy

3.3 Composite membrane strategy

4 Pore formation mechanisms in 2D material-based separation membranes

4.1 Interlayer mass transfer channels

4.2 In-plane mass transfer channels

5 Future directions for 2D material-based separation membranes

5.1 Regulation of interlayer channels

5.2 Enhancing long-term operational stability

5.3 Study on the structure and transport behavior of mass transfer channels

6 Conclusion and outlook

Key words

two-dimensional materials / separation membranes / mass transfer channels

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Zhaoqian Zhang , Shaopeng Xin , Yunxia Hu. Application of Two-Dimensional Materials in the Fabrication of Separation Membranes[J]. Progress in Chemistry. 2025, 37(7): 989-1001 https://doi.org/10.7536/PC241009

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Funding

The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0197600)

The National Natural Science Foundation of China(21978215)

The Tianjin Science and Technology Planning Project(18JCZDJC37100)

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2024-10-31	2024-12-28	2025-07-24
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2025-06-18

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