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Effects of Different Irrigation Frequencies on Growth, Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Tomato in Sandy Soil of Southern Xinjiang
LIYuan, MAQiang, PENGBo, WULianxia, XIAWeixin, LIQingjun
Journal of Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4) : 46-51.
PDF(1303 KB)
PDF(1303 KB)
Effects of Different Irrigation Frequencies on Growth, Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Tomato in Sandy Soil of Southern Xinjiang
To address the problem of poor water and fertilizer retention capacity and its low utilization efficiency of the wind-sandy soil in southern Xinjiang, five treatments were set up, namely W1, W2, W3, and W4 with different irrigation frequencies and a control treatment (CK) based on farmers’ habitual irrigation. The irrigation quotas for the entire growth period of W1, W2, W3, and W4 were consistent at 3975 m3/hm2, and the irrigation quota for CK treatment was 4500 m3/hm2. During before planting stage and seedling stage-initial fruit setting stage, the irrigation amounts of W1, W2, W3, and W4 treatments were the same, which were 450 and 75m3/hm2 respectively. The irrigation amounts for CK treatment were 450 and 300 m3/hm2 respectively during these two periods. At the beginning of fruiting stage, drip irrigation frequencies are once every two days (W1), once every three days (W2), once every four days (W3), once every six days (W4), and once every six days (CK) were adopted. In the middle of fruiting stage, drip irrigation frequencies are once every three days (W1), once every four days (W2), once every four days (W3), once every six days (W4), and once every six days (CK). At the end of fruiting stage, drip irrigation frequencies are once every five days (W1), once every six days (W2), once every six days (W3), once every six days (W4), once every six days (CK). The effects of different irrigation frequencies on tomato’s plant height, stem diameter, root characteristics, leaf photosynthetic characteristics, soil nitrate nitrogen distribution and yield quality were studied. The results of the experiments showed that: (1) the increase of irrigation frequencies had no significant effect on the plant height of tomato at the fruiting stage, but it was beneficial to the increase of its stem diameter. (2) With the increase of irrigation frequencies, Pn, total root length and root surface area of leaves were significantly increased, but there was no obvious effect on Tr, Gs, Ci and root volume. (3) The high-frequency irrigation treatments (W1, W2) were conducive to the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the 0-20 cm soil layer, and the low-frequency irrigation treatments (W4, CK) leached the nitrate nitrogen in the soil below 40cm. (4) Increasing the frequency of irrigation significantly increased tomato yield, water use efficiency, soluble sugar and soluble solids mass.
tomato / water use efficiency / irrigation frequency / sandy soil / facility agriculture / yield / nitrate accumulation
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[目的]为了改善京郊设施番茄磷肥过量施用的现象,同时促进化肥零增长目标的实现。[方法]研究在不同减施磷肥条件下对京郊设施番茄产量、品质及土壤有效磷的影响,采用田间试验的方法,试验设常规磷肥用量、减施30%磷肥、减施60%磷肥、减施100%磷肥及不施底肥(即空白)5个处理。[结果]在磷肥常规用量情况下植株钾含量、土壤中的有效磷含量最高；在减施30%磷肥的条件下番茄的产量、植株和果实的氮含量、可溶性固形物含量最高,果实的硝酸盐含量最低；在减施60%磷肥的条件下植株磷含量、果实钾含量最高；在减施100%磷肥条件下果实Vc含量最高。[结论]适当在农户常规磷肥的用量基础上减施30%左右不影响番茄产量和品质,反而比正常施用量条件下略有提高。
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