The aim of this study is to further improve the service level of weather index insurance for Myrica rubra and enhance the ability of the Myrica rubra industry to withstand natural risks. Based on the years of practice and feedback collection of rainfall meteorological index insurance during the picking period of Myrica rubra, and through continuous attention and multi-year synchronous observation of the relationship between weather conditions during the picking period and Myrica rubra fruit drop, the shortcomings of existing insurance products were systematic analyzed. The results show that there are five problems as follows: (1) There is a significant shortfall in the layout of mesoscale automatic weather stations that meet the requirements of representativeness, comparability and accuracy, and match the environment of Myrica rubra orchards; (2) the product design lacks the actual disaster data support corresponding to the disaster-causing meteorological factors; (3) single-factor rainfall weather index insurance cannot fully reflect the characteristics of meteorological disasters during the Myrica rubra harvesting period; (4) the uniform rate may lead to mismatch between premium and risk, and the uniform insurance liability period may lead to significant basis risk; (5) the current compensation ratio for rainfall weather index insurance products during the Myrica rubra harvesting period is too high. The following optimization paths are proposed: It is important to accelerate the construction and layout of automatic weather stations in the key areas for Myrica rubra based on refined risk zoning; to strengthen product research and development cooperation, and carry out experimental research and data accumulation of meteorological factors and corresponding disaster losses caused by Myrica rubra; to determine the quantitative relationship and trigger value between disaster causing meteorological factors and disaster damage through experimental research, and carry out the research of multi-factor meteorological index insurance products; to consider the differences in products; to balance the goals, needs and interests of the government, insurance companies and farmers, and scientifically set the compensation ratios for the products. Subsequently, the catastrophe compensation mechanism can be further improved to promote the high-quality and sustainable development of the meteorological index insurance for Myrica rubra, and provide a reference for the study of meteorological index insurance for characteristic agricultural products.