In order to screen for new pepper varieties suitable for planting in the ecological zone of central Henan, a comparative experiment was conducted on 16 pepper varieties in 2023. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the important agronomic traits of different pepper varieties. The results showed that for plant traits, the highest plant height was 132.3 cm in the pepper variety ‘Dongfu Changjiao No.1’. The pepper variety ‘Jinfu 1051’ had the thickest stem, reaching 1.80 cm, and ‘20-177’ had the largest leaf area of 230.1 cm². Among the varieties tested, the heaviest single fruit weight was 142.0 g in variety ‘Jinfu 275’. The pepper variety ‘Xinjinfu 808’ had the lightest single fruit weight, reaching 77.3 g. ‘Gailiang Lyupi 175’ achieved the highest yield at 10.56 kg/m², followed by 'Jinfu 1041' at 10.32 kg/m². In terms of mature characteristics, the pepper varieties ‘Jinfu 175’, ‘Jinfu 275’, ‘Gailiang Jinfu 175’, ‘Lyupi 175’ and ’Dongfu Changjiao No.2’ could emerge after 9-10 days of sowing，and they were classified as early-maturing varieties. The correlation analysis results showed that there was a highly significant correlation between the main agronomic traits of pepper, such as fruit width and single fruit weight, leaf length and width, with correlation coefficients of 0.868 and 0.711, respectively. 16 pepper varieties were classified into 5 categories through cluster analysis. The long horn type ‘Gailiang Lyupi 175’ and the long sheep horn type ‘Jinfu 1041’ are selected as excellent pepper varieties with regional representativeness.