PDF(1257 KB)
Comparative Analysis of Adaptability of Space-Mutagenized Angelica sinensis Under Different Ecological Conditions
RUANZihan, GUOFengxia, WUDi, LIUYuanyuan, WANGHongyan
Journal of Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (11) : 15-22.
PDF(1257 KB)
PDF(1257 KB)
Comparative Analysis of Adaptability of Space-Mutagenized Angelica sinensis Under Different Ecological Conditions
To investigate the adaptability of aerospace induced mutation Angelica sinensis (variety) under different ecological conditions, this study conducted a multi-site comparative trial using SP3 generation seedlings of the space-mutated ‘Hanggui 22H’ (HG) and the control variety ‘Mingui No.1’ (MG). These were transplanted to three distinct ecological regions: Shijiatai Village of Hetuo Township (HG-1, CK-1), Sigou Town of Min County (HG-2, CK-2) and Yanghua Village of Zhuoni County (HG-3, CK-3). The results showed that under different ecological conditions, ‘Hanggui 22H’ showed different morphological differences. During the vegetative growth stage, the plant population transplanted to Yanghua Village had the best growth vigor, and all the control traits were greater than those of the space-mutated population. During the early growth stage, the mutant plant population transplanted to Shijiatai Village was located at a high altitude with low temperature, and had weak antioxidant capacity and high peroxidation degree. In the middle and late growth stages, the mutant plant population in the high-altitude area showed strong adaptability, with enhanced antioxidant capacity and reduced peroxidation degree, indicating that it had cold adaptation ability. Under different ecological environments, the ferulic acid and extractable substances content of ‘Huanhui 22H’ were both higher than those of the control group, and positively correlated with rainfall, soil moisture content, total nitrogen and organic matter, and negatively correlated with available phosphorus, quick-release potassium and diurnal temperature difference. In summary, the aerospace induced mutation population exhibited certain morphological and physiological differences under different ecological conditions. The transplanted plants in Yanghua Village had the best growth vigor, while the plants in Shijiatai Village (HG-1) and Sigou Town (HG-2) showed certain adaptability during the growth middle and late stages, providing important basis for the modernization breeding and ecological regulation of Chinese medicinal materials.
Angelica sinensis / aerospace induced mutation / pharmaceutical period / ferulic acid / leachate / ecological conditions / adaptability / morphological differences / physiological characteristics / correlation
| [1] |
国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典2020年版一部[M]. 北京: 中国医药科技出版社, 2020.
|
| [2] |
李国业, 张小玉, 龙倩, 等. 中药当归开发利用研究进展[J]. 农业与技术, 2021, 41(20):55-57.
|
| [3] |
赵翔凤, 相光鑫, 王加锋, 等. 当归功效主治及用药禁忌的本草考证[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2020, 35(5):2479-2482
|
| [4] |
胡静, 李科, 李爱平, 等. 当归补血汤物质基础研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2020, 51(21):5658-5663.
|
| [5] |
王文光. 浅谈当归种植市场前景[J]. 农村实用技术, 2022(6):85-86.
|
| [6] |
方春秋, 潘志. 当归补血汤现代药理作用及作用机制的研究进展[J]. 中药材, 2024(10):2650-2656.
|
| [7] |
李国业, 龙倩, 张小玉, 王义存. 药用植物当归栽培技术研究进展[J]. 南方农业, 2022, 16(1):33-36,50.
|
| [8] |
肖婉君, 郭凤霞, 陈垣. 施用有机肥对当归药材性状产量及抗病性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(3):189-199.
为了探寻有机肥对当归成药栽培的影响，采用黑膜覆盖栽培，基施纯有机肥（O，2000 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup>）、纯化肥（C，磷酸二铵，420 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup>）、减半量化肥增施有机肥［1/2（O+C）］，以不施肥为对照（CK），栽培期测定早期抽薹率、发病率、药材产量和性状指标。结果表明，纯有机肥栽培当归早期抽薹率为8.0%，分别较CK、1/2（O+C）和C降低19.4%、15.2%和7.1%。药材产量则相反，O、C和1/2（O+C）栽培当归药材产量相当，鲜产量分别较CK提高105.9%、84.6%和78.2%。纯有机肥栽培当归根最长，侧根最多，单根最重，药材产量最高。化肥对根的增粗作用最大，但含水量高，根病率高，发病重。不同施肥每hm<sup>2</sup>鲜药材产量与综合评价指数大小顺序一致，依次为O（9220.6 kg，0.926）>C（9038.5 kg，0.610）>1/2（O+C）（8728.4 kg，0.481）>CK（4897.4 kg，0.190）。每hm<sup>2</sup>干药材产量排序为O（3149.2 kg）>1/2（O+C）（3098.7 kg）>C（2909.2 kg）>CK（1707.0 kg），与经济收益一致。在岷县道地产区黑膜覆盖栽培，纯施有机肥对当归药材具有显著增效作用，可有效降低早薹率、根病率和发病程度，改善药材性状，提高药材产量和质量，在当归标准化栽培中可推广应用，以改变当归依赖化肥的生产现状，促进绿色有机栽培。
|
| [9] |
张文辉. 当归机械膜侧栽培技术与推广[J]. 农业机械, 2021(4):74-76,79.
|
| [10] |
葛慧, 郭增祥, 赵万千, 等. 播期和播种量对当归熟地种苗及成药产与质量影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(6):1537-1544.
【目的】 比较研究当归熟地育苗试验及大田栽培试验,分析当归产区熟地育苗的适宜播期和播种量。【方法】 采用二因素随机区组设计,设置不同播期和播种量当归熟地育苗试验,测定当归种苗形态指标及产量,移栽后统计成活率、早期抽薹率、植株特征,采挖后测定药材产量及阿魏酸含量。【结果】 不同播期和播种量育成当归种苗在大小、产量及移栽后成活率、早期抽薹率、形态指标、药材产量及阿魏酸含量方面均有差异。第1、2播期所产当归种苗单根重在0.45~0.63 g,符合生产要求。第2播期5 kg/667m<sup>2</sup>的播种量下药材产量比同播期7 kg/667m<sup>2</sup>的高76.26%,且早期抽薹率为0。【结论】 熟地育苗应在6月下旬进行,播种量控制在5~6 kg/667m<sup>2</sup>,苗龄控制在110 d,可获得符合生产要求的当归种苗。
|
| [11] |
王富胜, 宋振华, 王春明, 等. 当归新品种岷归5号选育及标准化栽培技术研究[J]. 中国现代中药, 2015, 17(10):1044-1047.
|
| [12] |
|
| [13] |
|
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
Salinity stress has become an increasing threat to food security worldwide and elucidation of the mechanism for salinity tolerance is of great significance. Induced mutation, especially spaceflight mutagenesis, is one important method for crop breeding. In this study, we show that a spaceflight-induced wheat mutant, named salinity tolerance 1 (st1), is a salinity-tolerant line. We report the characteristics of transcriptomic sequence variation induced by spaceflight, and show that mutations in genes associated with sodium ion transport may directly contribute to salinity tolerance in st1. Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between salinity-treated st1 and wild type suggested that the homeostasis of oxidation-reduction process is important for salt tolerance in st1. Through KEGG pathway analysis, “Butanoate metabolism” was identified as a new pathway for salinity responses. Additionally, key genes for salinity tolerance, such as genes encoding arginine decarboxylase, polyamine oxidase, hormones-related, were not only salt-induced in st1 but also showed higher expression in salt-treated st1 compared with salt-treated WT, indicating that these genes may play important roles in salinity tolerance in st1. This study presents valuable genetic resources for studies on transcriptome variation caused by induced mutation and the identification of salt tolerance genes in crops.
|
| [16] |
陈永中. 太空搭载膜荚黄芪SP2代二年生群体遗传变异分析[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2021.
|
| [17] |
李华盛, 鹿金颖, 王思涵, 等. 中药资源空间诱变育种研究进展[J]. 世界中医药, 2021, 16(7):1036-1040
|
| [18] |
陈芳, 黄强, 董好胜, 等. 药用植物诱变育种研究进展[J]. 现代中药研究与实践, 2024, 38(3):96-102.
|
| [19] |
胡继丹. 航天诱变葛麻姆SP1代群体遗传变异分析[D]. 南昌: 江西中医药大学, 2024.
|
| [20] |
李瑞霞, 郭凤霞, 陈垣, 等. 当归种子航天诱变二代(SP2)性状研究[J]. 核农学报, 2024, 38(10):1906-1912.
当归为我国大宗中药材品种之一，但种性退化导致药材产量与质量下降，因此亟待加强当归种质创新和新品种选育研究。为探究创造优良变异群体的途径，本研究通过航天器搭载当归种子（搭载22 h，命名为航归22 h；搭载33 d，命名为航归33 d），获得SP<sub>0</sub>代当归诱变群体，以岷县当地栽培品种为对照（岷归CK），与经SP<sub>1</sub>代育苗栽培获得的SP<sub>2</sub>代种子繁殖期性状进行比较。结果表明，在种子繁殖期，航归植株株高均大于岷归CK，航归22 h植株株幅大于航归33 d。在植株采挖期，航归植株株高和根粗均大于岷归CK，株幅均小于岷归CK；航归22 h根长和根重分别较岷归CK提高5.06%和200.41%，航归33 d根长和根重分别较岷归CK降低15.00%和27.41%。航归22 h醇溶性浸出物含量较岷归CK提高5.46个百分点，航归33 d较岷归CK降低7.39个百分点；航归22 h和航归33 d阿魏酸含量分别较岷归CK提高0.210 0和0.052 7个百分点。航归植株伞数均大于岷归CK，航归22 h和航归33 d种宽分别较岷归CK降低1.67%和8.57%；航归22 h种长、百粒重和种果重分别较岷归CK提高5.81%、36.16%和75.15%；航归33 d种长、百粒重和种果重分别较岷归CK降低2.64%、9.30%和91.22%。航归22 h发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别较岷归CK提高16.00、16.00和5.11个百分点，航归33 d发芽率和发芽指数分别较岷归CK提高5.00和1.86个百分点，发芽势较岷归CK降低8.00个百分点。综上，经航天搭载当归种子选育获得的植株性状表现出不同程度变异趋势。本研究为当归优良性状的定向选育积累了宝贵的优异种质。
|
| [21] |
聂功平, 陈敏敏, 张永春, 等. 基于WinFOLIA表型平台的百合花叶表型性状综合评价[J/OL]. 分子植物育种,1-17[2025-01-22].
|
| [22] |
赵小琴, 贾瑞玲, 刘军秀, 等. 基于表型性状的干旱半干旱区谷子骨干种质构建[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2025, 43(1):21-31.
|
| [23] |
李红玲, 陈垣, 郭凤霞, 等. 太空诱变膜荚黄芪种质资源表型特征变异分析[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2024, 42(3):1-12.
|
| [24] |
|
| [25] |
路超, 袁存权, 李云. 3种木本植物种子航天诱变研究初报[J]. 核农学报, 2010, 24(6):1152-1157.
|
| [26] |
龙思思. 白刺花航天诱变效应研究[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2024.
|
| [27] |
韩嘉莹, 李军, 高素芳, 等. 不同海拔对岷归渗透调节物质的影响[J]. 甘肃中医学院学报, 2014, 31(3):83-87.
|
| [28] |
李欣怡, 向超群, 陈启文, 等. 当归药用价值与上市药品研究进展[J]. 中草药, 2025, 56(3):1037-1049.
|
| [29] |
杨先国, 舒柯, 刘塔斯, 等. 太空诱导对丹参不同生长阶段生理特性的影响[J]. 中国实验方剂学杂志, 2011, 17(22):105-107.
|
| [30] |
刘宇晓, 郭凤霞, 陈垣, 等. 航天诱变种苗大小对当归物候特征、抗逆生理特性及药材产量的影响[J]. 西北农业学报, 2022, 31(3):335-344.
|
| [31] |
单成钢, 倪大鹏, 王维婷, 等. 丹参种子航天搭载的生物学效应[J]. 核农学报, 2009, 23(6):947-950.
为探讨丹参种子航天诱变的生物学效应，利用实践八号育种卫星搭载丹参种子，返回地面后进行田间种植观测，分别从生育时期、种子活力、地上部形态特征、根部性状、结实性状分析丹参航天诱变的生物学效应，利用SRAP标记技术分析了材料在DNA水平上的变化。结果表明：航天搭载造成了DNA水平上的变异；提高了种子的发芽率和出苗率，促进了幼苗的发育，开花期提前；促进了花苔长度和花蕾数的增加，抑制了叶片生长；总体上促进了根部性状和种子性状的变异，除冠幅、花轴长度外，增大了各性状的变异系数。丹参种子航天诱变的生物学效应可为丹参种质改良和品种选育提供参考。
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
