PDF(1610 KB)
Ecological Benefit Evaluation of Different Types of Artificial Forests in Loess Stone Mountain Area of Northern Shaanxi
CHENZhenhong, LYUNi, CAODongping, LIUYajuan, WANGPeng, XUERuizhe, HANXia, XUWeizhou, TIANXianglin, CHENShujun
Journal of Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (12) : 70-79.
PDF(1610 KB)
PDF(1610 KB)
Ecological Benefit Evaluation of Different Types of Artificial Forests in Loess Stone Mountain Area of Northern Shaanxi
This study focused on four typical plantation types (Platycladus orientalis forest, Pinus tabuliformis- Amorpha fruticosa forest, Ziziphus jujuba forest, and Pinus tabuliformis- Rhus typhina forest) in the loess stone mountain area of northern Shaanxi. Their ecological benefits were comprehensively evaluated and a multi-dimensional ecological benefit evaluation system was constructed through community surveys, soil physicochemical property measurements, plant physiological index analyses, diversity index calculations, and using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method. The results showed that the number of species in Platycladus orientalis forest and Pinus tabuliformis- A. fruticosa forest was 20, which was higher than that in Z. jujuba forest, and Pinus tabuliformis- R. typhina forest, while Pinus tabuliformis- R. typhina forest exhibited significantly higher Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, and Pielou evenness index in its tree and shrub layers than other 3 types of forest. However, there were no significant differences in herbaceous layer community characteristic indices among the 4 plantations. The total phosphorus content in the soil of Pinus tabuliformis- R. typhina forest was significantly higher than that in other 3 types of forest. The total potassium content in the soil of Platycladus orientalis forest and Pinus tabuliformis- R. typhina forest was significantly higher than that in the Pinus tabuliformis- A. fruticosa forest and Z. jujuba forest, while the available potassium content was significantly lower than that in the latter 2 forests. The leaves photosynthetic capacity of the broadleaf trees (Z. jujuba and R. typhina) was significantly higher than that of the coniferous tree (Pinus tabuliformis and Platycladus orientalis), while the leaf water content was significantly lower than that of the coniferous tree. Comprehensive analysis revealed that soil physicochemical properties and the physiological state of dominant tree species significantly influenced understory vegetation community composition. The comprehensive ecological benefit evaluation ranked the four plantations in descending order as follows: Pinus tabuliformis- R. typhina forest, Pinus tabuliformis- A. fruticosa forest, Z. jujuba forest, and Platycladus orientalis forest. The study confirmed that the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest improved community stability and soil nutrient supply capacity through niche complementarity, which was more suitable for ecological restoration along the loess stone mountain area in northern Shaanxi, and the mixed forest of Pinus tabuliformis and R. typhina could be promoted as a preferred model.
loess stone mountain area / plantation types / vegetation restoration / soil environment / species diversity / entropy-weighted TOPSIS method / ecological benefits / community diversity / soil physical and chemical properties / chlorophyll fluorescence
| [1] |
|
| [2] |
罗毓明, 谭向平, 邹晓君, 等. 我国南方4种常见人工林林下植物多样性特征及影响因素[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2022, 30(1):1-10.
|
| [3] |
|
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
曲红. 晋西黄土高原人工林营造对植物多样性的影响[D]. 北京: 北京林业大学, 2008.
|
| [6] |
崔宁洁, 刘洋, 张健, 等. 林窗对马尾松人工林植物多样性的影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2014, 20(1):8-14.
|
| [7] |
郭钰, 姚佳峰, 董媛, 等. 油松和刺槐纯林及混交林根系分布特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(11):2881-2888.
以山西吉县蔡家川小流域人工油松林、刺槐林及油松×刺槐混交林为对象,分析不同林型下油松和刺槐根生物量密度、根长密度、根表面积密度的垂直分布特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明:与纯林相比,混交林中油松、刺槐的总根生物量密度提高75%以上;油松根系主要分布于浅层(0～40 cm),刺槐根系集中在较深层次(40～80 cm)。在不同径级的根系中以细根为主,细根的根长密度及根表面积密度表现为混交林中刺槐＞混交林中油松＞刺槐纯林＞油松纯林,细根的根生物量密度表现为混交林中油松＞混交林中刺槐＞油松纯林＞刺槐纯林;在垂直剖面上,油松纯林、刺槐纯林及混交林中油松、混交林中刺槐的总根生物量、细根生物量、根长密度和根表面积密度均随土层深度增加而减少。不同林型下油松、刺槐的细根根长密度、根生物量密度和总根长密度与土壤全氮、有机碳及含水量呈显著正相关,总根表面积密度与土壤有机碳、含水量及全氮呈显著正相关。油松和刺槐纯林及混交林的根系分布呈现出不同的规律,与纯林相比,混交林的根系生物量及其土壤养分、水分含量更高。
|
| [8] |
吴艳霞, 魏志斌, 王爱琼. 基于DPSIR模型的黄河流域生态安全评价及影响因素研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2022, 42(6):322-331.
|
| [9] |
Forest ecosystems are undergoing unprecedented changes in environmental conditions due to global change impacts. Modification of global biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen, and the subsequent climate change are affecting forest functions at different scales, from physiology and growth of individual trees to cycling of nutrients. This review summarizes the present knowledge regarding the impact of global change on forest functioning not only with respect to climate change, which is the focus of most studies, but also the influence of altered nitrogen cycle and the interactions among them. The carbon dioxide (CO2) fertilization effect on tree growth is expected to be constrained by nutrient imbalances resulting from high N deposition rates and the counteractive effect of increasing water deficit, which interact in a complex way. At the community level, responses to global change are modified by species interactions that may lead to competition for resources and/or relaxation due to facilitation and resource partitioning processes. Thus, some species mixtures can be more resistant to drought than their respective pure forests, albeit it depends on environmental conditions and species’ functional traits. Climate change and nitrogen deposition have additional impacts on litterfall dynamics, and subsequent decomposition and nutrient mineralization processes. Elemental ratios (i.e., stoichiometry) are associated with important ecosystem traits, including trees’ adaptability to stress or decomposition rates. As stoichiometry of different ecosystem components are also influenced by global change, nutrient cycling in forests will be altered too. Therefore, a re-assessment of traditional forest management is needed in order to cope with global change. Proposed silvicultural systems emphasize the key role of diversity to assure multiple ecosystem services, and special attention has been paid to mixed-species forests. Finally, a summary of the patterns and underlying mechanisms governing the relationships between diversity and different ecosystems functions, such as productivity and stability, is provided.
|
| [10] |
张锡唐, 石长春, 高荣, 等. 沿黄土石山区几种针叶树造林生长情况研究[J]. 防护林科技, 2023,(1):10-12.
|
| [11] |
|
| [12] |
于立忠, 朱教君, 孔祥文, 等. 人为干扰(间伐)对红松人工林林下植物多样性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2006, 26(11):3757-3764.
|
| [13] |
Tropical forests are generally expected to be limited by the availability of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), and these nutrient limitations could be increased by changes in forest biogeochemistry due to limited precipitation. This effect is presumed to be enhanced in the forests predominated by monsoon climate. The present study examined the impacts of monthly precipitation on total N and P in leaf litter and soil of Xishuangbanna tropical forests. Litterfall and top soil were sampled from each of the five 20 × 20 m plots established in the primary (PTF) and secondary tropical forests (STF), at monthly interval for one year. Soils were strongly acidic and showed significant differences between the sites. The monthly amounts of soil and leaf litter nutrients showed great variations between the PTF and STF. Leaf litter N and P were associated with precipitation in both dry and rainy seasons. Soil N and P were not significantly related to precipitation, indicating that changes in vegetation composition and litterfall production together accounted for variation in soil N and P. Our results suggest that the precipitation limitation may affect the leaf litter N and P changes, but did not support the prediction that precipitation limitation can immediately lead to effects on soil N and P in the Xishuangbanna tropical forests.
|
| [14] |
鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析(第三版)[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000:25-114.
|
| [15] |
李睿, 邹星晨, 程唱, 等. 青海东部天然次生白桦林林分结构和土壤养分对草本植物多样性的影响[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2025, 42(1):153-162.
|
| [16] |
黄运腾, 钱志军, 曹晟烜, 等. 闽东海岛台湾相思人工林群落物种多样性和功能多样性特征及其影响因子[J]. 生态学报, 2025, 45(11):1-14.
|
| [17] |
The leaf area index (LAI) serves as a crucial metric in quantifying the structure and density of vegetation canopies, playing an instrumental role in determining vegetation productivity, nutrient and water utilization, and carbon balance dynamics. In subtropical montane forests, the pronounced spatial heterogeneity combined with undulating terrain introduces significant challenges for the optical remote sensing inversion accuracy of LAI, thereby complicating the process of ground validation data collection. The emergence of UAV LiDAR offers an innovative monitoring methodology for canopy LAI inversion in these terrains. This study assesses the implications of altitudinal variations on the attributes of UAV LiDAR point clouds, such as point density, beam footprint, and off-nadir scan angle, and their subsequent ramifications for LAI estimation accuracy. Our findings underscore that with increased altitude, both the average off-nadir scan angle and point density exhibit an ascending trend, while the beam footprint showcases a distinct negative correlation, with a correlation coefficient (R) reaching 0.7. In contrast to parallel flight paths, LAI estimates derived from intersecting flight paths demonstrate superior precision, denoted by R2 = 0.70, RMSE = 0.75, and bias = 0.42. Notably, LAI estimation discrepancies intensify from upper slope positions to middle positions and further to lower ones, amplifying with the steepness of the gradient. Alterations in point cloud attributes induced by the terrain, particularly the off-nadir scan angle and beam footprint, emerge as critical influencers on the precision of LAI estimations. Strategies encompassing refined flight path intervals or multi-directional point cloud data acquisition are proposed to bolster the accuracy of canopy structural parameter estimations in montane landscapes.
|
| [18] |
宫正. 黄土高原森林林下植被物种多样性及其影响因素[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2025, 53(2):66-74.
|
| [19] |
李洁. 不同密度下柏木人工林林分空间结构与林下植物多样性的关系[D]. 雅安: 四川农业大学, 2024.
|
| [20] |
宋春阳, 佘维维, 郭焱培, 等. 毛乌素沙地植被恢复过程中物种多样性与功能多样性的关系[J]. 生态学报, 2025, 45(13):6331-6348.
|
| [21] |
|
| [22] |
Understory vegetation affects the richness and stability of urban forest ecosystems. To investigate the influence of soil physicochemical properties on the diversity of understory plants in urban forests, this study used 30 urban forest communities in the Beijing Plain area as the research object and analyzed the correlation between understory plant diversity and soil factors by correlation analysis. Furthermore, pH, soil bulk density (SBD), total soil porosity (TSP), soil water content (SWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), effective phosphorous (AP), and effective potassium (AK) were determined in this study. The Shannon diversity index (H’), Pielou evenness index (E), Simpson dominance index (C), and Margalef richness index (DMG) of understory plants were calculated. The soil nutrient contents and the understory plant diversity indices of the different community types showed significant differences. There was a strong correlation between soil properties and the diversity index of understory vegetation. SOM and SOC were the main factors affecting the Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou index, Simpson index, and Margalef richness index of the understory plants. We conclude that soil properties were one of the primary drivers of the formation of understory vegetation diversity. The results of the study can provide scientific guidance for the management of urban forests.
|
| [23] |
李浩, 何静, 王理德, 等. 祁连山东段高寒草地修复过程中植被物种多样性及土壤理化性质[J]. 水土保持研究, 2025, 32(1):110-120.
|
| [24] |
邓子易. 不同沙棘品种人工林光合、生长特征及其林地土壤性质研究[D]. 保定: 河北农业大学, 2024.
|
| [25] |
柴春山, 王子婷, 张洋东, 等. 陇中半干旱黄土丘陵区土壤养分空间分布特征[J]. 林业资源管理, 2021, 4:114-120.
|
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
|
| [28] |
韦建杏, 陈海辉, 农寿千, 等. 海南中部丘陵区3种人工林林下植物物种多样性及其与土壤养分的关系[J]. 南方农业学报, 2023, 54(12):3641-3649.
|
| [29] |
王树梅, 庞元湘, 宋爱云, 等. 基于林龄的滨海盐碱地杨树刺槐混交林土壤理化性质及草本植物多样性动态[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(18):6539-6548.
|
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
刘海涛. 高寒沙地乌柳林生理生态特性及植被恢复过程研究[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2012.
|
| [32] |
祁小旭, 王红岩, 林峰, 等. 黄顶菊对入侵地群落动态及植物生长生理特征的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(12):4463-4477.
|
| [33] |
杨凯博, 张瑞琦, 王进鑫, 等. 渭北黄土高原不同类型人工林的生态效益评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024, 38(1):357-367.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
