Loess has very obvious collapsibility and water sensitivity. During the process of water infiltration, the hydraulic conditions of loess undergo significant changes, which is highly prone to inducing a large number of geological disasters such as loess landslides. This feature is more obvious under special extreme climate conditions, such as rainstorm, temperature upheaval, etc., which can induce a variety of geological disasters. Through rapid geophysical exploration, it is of great significance to determine the changes in the physical properties of loess at different depths, as well as the distribution and changes of cracks, for the analysis, prediction, and early warning of disasters. This article analyzes and summarizes the applicability of different detection techniques in detecting the characteristics of loess landslides. Through typical application cases, the actual application effects of different methods are demonstrated, and the development trend of future loess disaster detection is prospected, providing reference and suggestions for the development of geophysical detection technology for loess disaster in the next step.