
Research progress of deep learning in seismic fault interpretation
Xi DI, Yang LIU
Prog Geophy ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4) : 1688-1716.
Research progress of deep learning in seismic fault interpretation
Faults, as one of the main geological structures, are crucial for analyzing subsurface structures and determining oil and gas enrichment areas. Traditional methods face challenges in the efficiency of seismic data feature extraction and the accuracy of fault identification. This article first outlines the background of seismic fault identification and the limitations of traditional methods, and then explores the application of deep learning methods in this field. In deep learning, fault identification is regarded as an image processing task, usually trained in a supervised learning manner. Data, model, and loss function are the three core elements of supervised deep learning. Data is the foundation for training deep learning models, and the quality, diversity, and representativeness of data are crucial for the training and generalization ability of the model; the model can establish a nonlinear expression of the relationship between input and output, used to learn patterns and rules in the data; the loss function is used to quantify the difference between the model's predictions and the true labels, and a good loss function can guide the model towards more accurate optimization continuously. This paper first introduces the training dataset and methods of data fusion and difference optimization, then discusses the effectiveness of different deep learning models such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), and Transformer models in seismic fault identification, and finally analyzes the impact of different loss functions. This paper summarizes the current performance, advantages, and challenges of deep learning methods in seismic fault identification and provides an outlook on possible future research directions.
Seismic fault interpretation / Deep learning model / Dataset / Loss function
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感谢审稿专家提出的修改意见和编辑部的大力支持!
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