Aiming at the problem of insufficient spatial resolution of the existing high-degree gravity field models, the study takes the Colorado mountain region in the 1 cm geoid experiment initiated by the International Association of Geodesy as the research object. The spectral characteristics of the EGM2008, EIGEN_6C4, GECO, SGG-UGM-1, SGG-UGM-2 and XGM2019e_2159 models are analyzed. The six high-degree gravity field models are extended using the Residual Terrain Model (RTM) to construct a high-resolution local gravity field for the Colorado region. Finally, the validity of the RTM is checked using measured GNSS/levelling, gravity disturbance, and the Deflection of the Vertical (DOV) data. The results show that the cumulative geoid degree errors of GECO, EIGEN_6C4, SGG-UGM-1, SGG-UGM-2 and XGM2019e_2159 models are smaller than that of EGM2008 model. Before the degree 200 (long wavelength), the signal-to-noise ratios of EIGEN_6C4, GECO, SGG-UGM-1, SGG-UGM-2, and XGM2019e_2159 models show little difference and are all superior to the signal-to-noise ratio of the EGM2008 model. Between the degree 200 and 370 (medium wavelength), the SGG-UGM-2 model has the best signal-to-noise ratio, and after approximately degree 370 (short wavelength), the signal-to-noise ratio of the EIGEN_6C4 model is significantly better than the other five high-order models. The average calculation accuracy of the height anomaly, gravity disturbance, east-west vertical deflection, and north-south vertical deflection of the six high-degree gravity field models compensated by RTM has been improved by about 7.1%、47.5%、65.9%和51%, respectively. The EIEGN _6C4 model has the best accuracy, with about 7.7%、49.7%、70.4%和54.2% improvement in the calculation accuracy of the height anomalies, gravity disturbance, east-west vertical deflection, and north-south vertical deflection, respectively, which demonstrates the validity and reliability of the RTM in recovering the high-frequency gravity field.