The Xiangshan uranium ore field in Jiangxi Province is the largest volcanic-type uranium ore field in China. Mineralization is primarily controlled by volcanic structures, and its origin is inseparable from volcanic activity. Therefore, the identification of paleovolcanic vents/volcanic conduits in Xiangshan is of great significance for deep uranium resource exploration. Combining the existing geological physical property data in the Xiangshan area with the latest rock magnetism results, and considering the advantages of multi-scale decomposition of wavelet analysis method in boundary identification, this paper employs rock magnetism and wavelet analysis to separate and interpret the fourth-order detail fields of gravity and magnetic anomalies in the Xiangshan area, Jiangxi Province. A detailed comparison was conducted with other gravity and magnetic boundary identification methods, and a systematic identification of paleovolcanic vents in the study area was achieved. The results verified a paleovolcanic vent on the left side of Xiangshan Main Peak, located at a depth of approximately 2 km underground. In addition to porphyroclastic lava, the Xiangshan paleovolcanic vent may also contain rhyolitic dacite with low magnetic susceptibility from the Daguding period. Meanwhile, the paleovolcanic vent in the northwestern part of Furong Mountain was verified, with its eruptive materials primarily composed of rhyolitic dacite. The eruptive materials of paleovolcanic vents in Niutouling, Julong'an, Zoujiashan, and the northeast of Yaogang are mainly porphyroclastic lava. Furthermore, it is speculated that a subvolcanic vent may exist southwest of Yunji, with its eruptive materials dominated by porphyroclastic lava and located at a depth of approximately 2 km underground. These results provide support for refining the understanding of the deep structure of Xiangshan and facilitating deep uranium exploration.