Application of magnetic fabric in the study of three major rock types

YingQing ZHOU, Peng DING, Ping LIU

Prog Geophy ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4) : 1532-1556.

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Prog Geophy ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4) : 1532-1556. DOI: 10.6038/pg2026JJ0280

Application of magnetic fabric in the study of three major rock types

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Abstract

Magnetic fabric provides highly sensitive tracing indicators for inverting geodynamic processes. In this paper, based on a multi-scale analysis of the mechanisms of rock magnetic fabric formation, we systematically explore the relationship between magnetic fabric and the formation-evolution processes of sedimentary rocks, igneous rocks, and metamorphic rocks: (1) In sedimentary rocks, magnetic fabric is controlled by the depositional environment during the formation of sedimentary rocks. Its parameters can reconstruct the depositional environment such as paleoclimate, paleocurrent and paleo-wind directions, while also revealing the tectonic characteristics and stress directions during the synsedimentary and diagenesis stage. (2) The magnetic fabric of igneous rocks is dominated by magmatic hydrodynamic processes. Through the spatial configuration of the principal axes of Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS), the magmatic intrusion vector field can be accurately analyzed, providing crucial dynamic constraints for magma chamber localization and the reconstruction of multi-stage emplacement sequences. (3) The magnetic fabric of metamorphic rocks is closely related to the metamorphic and deformational processes of rocks. Its parameters can be used as a quantitative scale for metamorphic grade, and the distribution of AMS principal axes is applicable to interpreting regional tectonic, especially demonstrating unique advantages in shear zone kinematic analysis. The application of magnetic fabric can follow four steps: geological survey, identification of the dominant magnetic minerals controlling AMS, analysis of the genetic origins of the magnetic fabric, and a multi-method discussion of its geological significance. By constructing a matrix for the conversion between magnetic susceptibility tensor and strain tensor through deformation simulation experiments, combined with techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscope-Electron Back Scatter Diffraction for micro-scale magnetic fabric imaging, and various magnetic fabric separation techniques, a multi-scale observation system can be established to achieve quantitative decoupling of multiple components in magnetic fabric, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of geological interpretation of magnetic fabric parameters.

Key words

Magnetic fabric / Application in Geology / Sedimentary rock / Igneous rock / Metamorphic rock

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YingQing ZHOU , Peng DING , Ping LIU. Application of magnetic fabric in the study of three major rock types[J]. Progress in Geophysics. 2026, 41(4): 1532-1556 https://doi.org/10.6038/pg2026JJ0280

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感谢中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所邓成龙研究员、秦华峰博士、中国地震局地质研究所刘彩彩研究员为完善本文提出的建设性意见和建议.感谢两位审稿专家提出的宝贵意见,使本文内容更加充实.

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