Influence of fluid saturation in soft pores on elastic modulus dispersion and attenuation of rocks under partial saturation condition at seismic frequencies
Received date: 2023-12-20
Online published: 2024-12-19
Copyright
A micro-and mesoscopic dual-scale fluid flow model with different soft pore saturations was developed in this paper, so as to reveal the influence of micro-and mesoscopic dual-scale fluid flow on the modulus dispersion and attenuation of partially saturated rocks at seismic frequencies. Based on the Betti-Rayleigh reciprocity theorem, frequency-dependent wet frame moduli with different soft pore saturations were derived, and then the wet frame moduli were incorporated into the White spherical patchy saturation model to obtain the model. The numerical calculation using the model showed that: (1) When the saturation of the rock was constant, the modulus dispersion and attenuation of the partially saturated rock increased as the soft pore saturation increased. When the soft pores were completely saturated, the modulus dispersion and attenuation reached their maximum values. On the other hand, there were two attenuation peaks: one at lower frequencies was related to the mesoscopic flow, and the other at higher frequencies was related to the microscopic flow. (2) When the difference between the characteristic frequencies of the mesoscopic and microscopic fluid flows was large, the different saturations of the soft pores had a small effect on the mesoscopic fluid flow but a larger effect on the microscopic fluid flow. When the soft pores were fully saturated, the effect on the microscopic fluid flow was the largest. As the characteristic frequencies of the mesoscopic and microscopic fluid flows approached each other, the effect of soft pore saturation on the mesoscopic fluid flow increased, and the effect was enhanced with an increase in soft pore saturation. (3) Compared with the micro-and mesoscopic dual-scale model of
LiMing ZHAO , CaiPing LU , Yang LIU . Influence of fluid saturation in soft pores on elastic modulus dispersion and attenuation of rocks under partial saturation condition at seismic frequencies[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2024 , 39(5) : 1874 -1885 . DOI: 10.6038/pg2024HH0448
图1 两组力作用于同一部分饱和岩石图左侧岩石在力的作用下如同处于非弛豫状态,而右侧岩石在力的作用下如同岩石矿物颗粒骨架一般.图中圆圈代表硬孔隙,扁椭圆代表软孔隙. Figure 1 Two sets of tractions were applied to the same partially-saturated rock sample The left one behaves as an unrelaxed saturated rock, whereas the right one behaves as a solid mineral grain matrix. The sphere represents the stiff pores and the oblate spheroid represents soft pores. |
,则:
求和为总软孔隙度ϕc,且
中ϕ表示岩石硬孔隙度ϕs,则
,由此公式(29b)变为:
求和小于总软孔隙度ϕc,这里求和记为ϕc1,另一方面,
中ϕ不再仅表示岩石硬孔隙度ϕs,其同时包含未饱和软孔隙度ϕc2.因为对于任一均匀各向同性线性的干岩样存在以下关系:
表1 CPEM模型输入参数Table 1 Input parameters in CPEM model |
| 输入参数 | 数值 |
| 颗粒体积模量K0/GPa | 37 |
| 颗粒剪切模量μ0/GPa | 44 |
| 初始硬孔隙度ϕs0 | 0.099 |
| 初始软孔隙度ϕc0 | 0.001 |
| 有效压力P/MPa | 0~100 |
| 硬孔隙度ϕs | 0.099-0.0099/100×P |
| 软孔隙度ϕc | 0.001×exp(-P/14) |
图4 纵横比α=0.001、0.0005时,70%饱水岩石体积模量频散和衰减随软孔隙饱和度及频率的变化Figure 4 When the aspect ratio α=0.001, 0.0005, the bulk modulus dispersion and attenuation of the sample with water saturation of 70% versus soft pore saturation and frequency |
表2 双尺度流体流动模型输入参数Table 2 Input parameters in dual-scale fluid flow model |
| 输入参数 | 数值 |
| 岩石渗透率κ/10-15m2 | 10 |
| 气体体积模量Kgas/GPa | 0.002 |
| 气体黏度ηgas/(Pa·s) | 0.00002 |
| 水体积模量Kwater/(GPa) | 2.25 |
| 水黏度ηwater/(Pa·s) | 0.001 |
| 水饱和度Sw/% | 70 |
| 气体斑块半径a/m | 0.05 |
| 软孔隙纵横比α | 0.001/0.0005 |
图5 软孔隙不同饱和度条件下本文模型与Li等(2018)模型及其改进模型对比Figure 5 The model in this paper is compared with Li et al. (2018)'s model and its modified model under different soft pore saturations |
感谢审稿专家提出的修改意见和编辑部的大力支持!
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