The development situation and problems of dry land water saving farming in Shaanxi are system analyzed in this paper. It is applied that the mainly factors which restricted the agricultural economy development in Shaanxi for long time are water resource lack, natural disaster frequency，water and soil lose severity, management carelessness, etc. The countermeasures, such as its crux and key, advance using rate of natural precipitation, accelerate extension of dry farming science and technology production, expedite zoology rebuild and vegetation resume are bring forward.