To further understand the soil water characteristics of different vegetation types on the Loess Plateau, 7 plots of 5 typical vegetation types including Caragana korshinskii 1, Caragana korshinskii 2, grassland 1, grassland 2, Pinus sylvestris, Hippophae rhammoides, and apricot were selected as the research objects in Daliuta Town, Shenmu City, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of soil water in different sites. The results showed that: (1) in the 0-100 cm soil layer, there were significant differences in soil water content and soil water storage among different vegetation types (P<0.05), with the order of apricot tree>Hippophae rhammoides>Caragana korshinskii 1>Caragana korshinskii 2>grassland 1>Pinus sylvestris>grassland 2. (2) Soil moisture content of different vegetation types increased with the increase of soil depth. The change trend of grassland 1, Pinus sylvestris and grassland 2 was not obvious. (3) Soil water storage of different vegetation types showed an increasing trend as a whole with the increase of soil depth. The water storage capacity of each vegetation was relatively small in 0-40 cm soil layer and had little change; it changed greatly in the 40-100 cm soil layer and reached the maximum in the 80-100 cm soil layer. The experiment analyzed the characteristics of soil water content and soil water storage under different vegetation types, which provided theoretical basis for the subsequent soil and water conservation, vegetation restoration and ecological environment construction in this region.