This research focused on optimizing the parental row ratio and developing suitable field cultivation techniques for hybrid rapeseed production, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for advancing hybrid breeding technology. The experiment utilized a sterile line (716A) × restorer line (13R) hybrid combination in a two-factor split-plot design, to test six different parental row ratios along with two bolting-stage treatments (topping and non-topping).The results demonstrated that different parental row ratios significantly influenced both agronomic traits and seed production yield in rapeseed. Under single-row paternal line arrangements, seed yields followed the order: T₁₂M₁ > T₁₃M₁ > T₁₄M₁, whereas dual-row paternal configurations exhibited a different hierarchy: T₂₆M₁ > T₂₄M₁ > T₂₈M₁. The bolting-stage topping treatment significantly influenced rapeseed agronomic traits. Compared with the non-topped plants, topped specimens showed average reductions of 9.01% in plant height, 60.03% in effective branching height, 31.19% in primary branch number, and 25.02% in silique number on primary branches. Conversely, secondary branches demonstrated average increases of 28.08% in branch number and 50.52% in silique production. However, the total silique number per plant decreased by 7.03% on average, likely because the increased silique production on secondary branches failed to compensate for the reduction in primary branches. This was accompanied by an average decrease of 6.06% in seeds per silique, ultimately resulting in a 4.98% average reduction in hybrid seed production yield. Based on comprehensive evaluation of all indicators, the T₂₆M₁ treatment achieved the highest yield. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions set in this study, when the parent row ratio was configured at 2:6 and no bolting removal was applied to the female parent during the bud and bolting stage, both the seed production yield and economic benefits of rapeseed reached their optimal levels.