Research on Effect of Agricultural Waste Returning to Field on Reducing Carbon Emissions, Increasing Carbon Sink and Improving Soil: Taking TCMR + Straw as An Example

LIU Shiliang; WANG Yu; GUAN Xiujing; ZHANG Dongbo; XU Li; ZHOU Mengmeng; XIA Wei

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0349

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Chin Agric Sci Bull ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (23) : 74-83. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0349

Research on Effect of Agricultural Waste Returning to Field on Reducing Carbon Emissions, Increasing Carbon Sink and Improving Soil: Taking TCMR + Straw as An Example

LIU Shiliang ¹ ,
WANG Yu ² ,
GUAN Xiujing ² ,
ZHANG Dongbo ² ,
XU Li ³ ,
ZHOU Mengmeng ⁴ ,
XIA Wei ²

Author information +

History +

Abstract

Agricultural carbon reduction and sink increase is a key strategy to cope with climate change. Straw returning is one of the most effective methods for sequestering carbon in soil. However, the conventional straw returning methods currently used in China are often associated with the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and pests, and their carbon sequestration performance lacks stability. Therefore, this study innovatively proposed the synergistic returning mode of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Residues (TCMR) and straw, aiming to clarify its synergistic mechanism, which using TCMR to effectively inhibit soil-borne pests and diseases caused by straw returning, and synergistically optimize soil nutrient structure, so as to improve carbon sequestration efficiency. This study mainly used the method of literature review and case analysis to systematically sort out the current situation of soil application of TCMR and its impact on crop growth, and focused on evaluating the potential of this synergistic returning mode in alleviating greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing farmland soil carbon sink capacity. The results showed that the combined application of TCMR and straw could significantly increase soil organic matter content, effectively improve acidified and saline-alkali soil, and promote crop yield and quality. As a major producer of straw and Chinese medicinal materials, the promotion of this technology can realize the large-scale resource utilization of two kinds of agricultural solid wastes and provide an innovative path for waste recycling. Their combined capacity for carbon emission reduction, carbon sequestration, and soil improvement is also of significant importance for achieving China’s “dual carbon” goals and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture, with the potential to simultaneously enhance crop yields and improve ecological quality.

Key words

TCMR / straw return / carbon reduction and carbon sequestration increase / soil improvement

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LIU Shiliang , WANG Yu , GUAN Xiujing , et al . Research on Effect of Agricultural Waste Returning to Field on Reducing Carbon Emissions, Increasing Carbon Sink and Improving Soil: Taking TCMR + Straw as An Example[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2025, 41(23): 74-83 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0349

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土壤有机碳库及其影响因素的研究，对于增强人类对土壤碳库的控制、改善全球碳循环具有重要的意义。笔者通过对国内外土壤有机碳库研究结果进行综述，从自然因素和人为因素2方面分析了外界条件对土壤有机碳库影响的作用及机理，针对土壤有机碳库及其影响因素的不确定性和复杂性，探讨了目前土壤有机碳库研究中存在的难点和瓶颈问题，展望了土壤有机碳库的研究前景。为增强人类对土壤碳库的控制，科学合理开发利用土地，减少环境负面效应，确保农业粮食安全，提供理论指导和现实依据。

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通过大田定位试验,研究秸秆还田和氮肥减量对稻田土壤养分、碳库及水稻产量的影响。结果表明,采用适当的秸秆还田配合氮肥减量处理可以有效改善土壤理化性状,提高水稻产量。与单施纯氮270 kg·hm-2处理相比,等氮量的秸秆还田配施纯氮240 kg·hm-2处理的稻田土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾、总有机碳含量分别显著(P<0.05)增加了33.86%、13.83%、54.64%、21.60%、33.81%,而铵态氮、可溶性有机碳和微生物碳含量分别显著(P<0.05)减少了13.69%、49.22%和32.36%。在产量方面,秸秆还田配施纯氮240 kg·hm-2的产量最高,较秸秆不还田不施氮肥处理和秸秆还田不施氮肥处理分别显著(P<0.05)增产57.90%、62.22%。在本试验条件下,秸秆还田配施纯氮240 kg·hm-2为最优的秸秆还田配合氮肥减量模式,对改善土壤养分、增加土壤碳库、提高水稻产量具有一定作用。

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