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Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Potato Varieties in Longzhong Region
WANGPing, WANGLei, XIEChengjun, SUNZhenrong, CHENJuan
Chin Agric Sci Bull ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4) : 8-16.
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Abbreviation (ISO4): Chin Agric Sci Bull
Editor in chief: Yulong YIN
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Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Potato Varieties in Longzhong Region
To address the constraints of drought stress on potato production and the scarcity of high-quality drought-tolerant varieties in the arid and semi-arid regions of Longzhong, this study aimed to screen drought-tolerant and high-yielding potato varieties suitable for cultivation in the cool and cold areas of Longzhong. Using 12 potato varieties (or lines) as materials, including ‘L14140-5’, ‘Ganyin 9’, and ‘Ly1742-2’, a split-plot experimental design was implemented. The main plots consisted of two water treatments: drought stress (non-irrigation) and normal irrigation, while the subplots comprised the varieties. Agronomic traits such as plant height, leaf area index (LAI), SPAD values, and yield were measured. A comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance was conducted using the drought resistance coefficient, principal component analysis, membership function method, and cluster analysis. The results revealed that: (1) drought stress significantly inhibited potato growth and yield. Under irrigation treatment, increases of 0.77%-67.74% in plant height, 2.94%-32.25% in LAI, 0.82%-83.01% in SPAD values, 4.73%-21.07% in dry matter accumulation per plant, and 1.53%-75.89% in yield were observed compared to drought stress conditions. (2) Significant differences in drought tolerance were observed among varieties. ‘Longshu 10’ exhibited the best performance, with only a 1.53% yield reduction under drought stress, a drought resistance coefficient of 0.98, and a drought resistance index of 1.402. (3) Cluster analysis categorized the varieties into three groups: four highly drought-tolerant varieties (‘Longshu 10’, ‘L14140-5’, ‘Ly1742-2’, ‘Ly1725-1’), six moderately drought-tolerant varieties, and two weakly drought-tolerant varieties (‘Fuda 1’, ‘Wotu 5’). In conclusion, ‘Longshu 10’ and ‘L14140-5’ demonstrated excellent comprehensive traits, strong drought tolerance, and stable yields, making them suitable for promotion and cultivation in the semi-arid regions of Longzhong. Future research should involve multi-year and multi-location trials, combined with physiological, biochemical indicators, and molecular markers, to further elucidate the drought tolerance mechanisms and provide more comprehensive support for drought-resistant breeding.
Longzhong region / potato varieties / drought stress / drought resistance / agronomic traits / yield / subordinate function / cluster analysis
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为评估辐射、积温、降水和气候资源变化对甘肃农牧交错带玉米气候资源利用效率的影响,基于研究区45个气象站点1971—2020年玉米生育期内气象资料,结合玉米生育期数据,利用作物生产潜力逐级订正模型和指数化处理方法对研究区玉米气候生产潜力损失率以及光能、热量、降水和气候资源综合利用效率的变化特征进行分析。结果表明: 研究期间,甘肃农牧交错带玉米生育期内太阳总辐射量以-22.03 MJ·m<sup>-2</sup>·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>的速率呈波动下降趋势,≥11 ℃积温以60.89 ℃·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>的速率呈显著上升趋势,降水量以2.05 mm·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>的速率呈缓慢上升趋势。甘南地区和陇中北部地区分别因温度和降水限制导致玉米气候生产潜力损失率较高,陇东大部分地区玉米气候生产潜力损失率较低;除中部地区和陇东部分地区外,研究区其他地区因温度和降水限制导致的气候生产潜力损失率分别以-2.0%·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>和-0.6%·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>的速率呈下降趋势。陇中北部、南部以及甘南部分地区为光能和热量资源利用效率的低值区,甘南地区为降水资源利用效率的低值区,兰州市和白银市气候资源综合利用效率较低,分别为0.41和0.47;陇东地区最适宜玉米种植,该地区4种气候资源利用效率均最高,然后依次为甘南和陇中地区;研究区光能、热量、降水以及气候资源综合利用效率的平均倾向率均呈上升趋势,分别为0.1%·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>、0.07 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup>·℃<sup>-1</sup>·d<sup>-1</sup>·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>、1.17 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup>·mm<sup>-1</sup>·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>和0.05 ·(10 a)<sup>-1</sup>,表现出玉米增产的良好潜力。
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基于2001—2015年马铃薯全国数据和主产区13个省份的面板数据，测算全国和主产区13省份马铃薯价格波动的农户生产福利效应、消费福利效应和总福利效应，以此评价马铃薯产业扶贫的减贫效果。得到的主要结论有：①主产区各省份农户总福利变化结果与其生产福利变化结果相近，马铃薯生产价格变化引起农户生产福利的增加明显大于马铃薯销售价格变化引起农户消费福利的减小。②主产区各省份农户总福利变动具有差异性，这种差异性主要由农户生产福利的影响因素所决定。马铃薯生产价格是影响农户生产福利的主因素，当马铃薯产业扶持政策引起生产价格提高时，农户总福利将大幅增加，减贫效应显著。③随着马铃薯需求量的逐渐增加，销售价格波动对农户总福利的影响也会逐渐加大，加之近年来生产成本中人工成本的比例不断增加，最终导致通过提高生产价格来增加农户总福利的潜力逐渐减小，因此获得的减贫效应也将逐渐降低。
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秦天元, 刘玉汇, 孙超, 等. 马铃薯StIgt基因家族的鉴定及其对干旱胁迫的响应分析[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(4):780-786.
干旱胁迫是影响马铃薯产量和品质的主要非生物胁迫因素之一。马铃薯在抵御干旱胁迫的过程中, 根系的生长发育和构型分布发挥着重要作用。Igt基因家族是普遍存在于植物中的一类功能基因, 在调控植物根系构型和提高植株抗逆性等方面效果显著。本研究以马铃薯双单倍体‘DM-v4.03’高质量基因组为参考, 在全基因组范围内分析鉴定了StIgt基因家族的成员, 并采用多种生物信息学软件对其进行了系统进化树构建、染色体定位、保守蛋白结构域、基因结构和顺式元件预测。同时, 利用本课题组前期对马铃薯四倍体品系在不同干旱条件下的转录组测序结果, 分析了StIgts响应干旱胁迫的表达谱。结果表明, 在马铃薯中共鉴定获得10个StIgt家族成员, 其中StIgt1由本课题组前期克隆获得。除StIgt1位置信息不明外, 其余基因不均匀地分布在1、2、5、7、10和11号染色体上。StIgt家族蛋白长度为110~283个氨基酸, 分子量介于13.136~32.542 kD之间, 预测等电点为3.82~9.86。系统进化树分析发现, 该基因家族可分为3个亚族, 亚族间的基因结构、蛋白保守域和顺式作用元件差别明显。干旱胁迫下的表达谱分析表明, StIgt6、StIgt7、StIgt9和StIgt10响应早期干旱胁迫, 在干旱2 h时即迅速上调表达。这些结果为阐明StIgt基因家族的进化关系和进一步研究其成员的功能特性提供了理论基础。
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李保成, 康文钦, 任永峰, 等. 干旱对不同马铃薯品种生长和产量的影响[J]. 北方农业学报, 2023, 51(5):40-50.
【目的】明确干旱环境对不同马铃薯品种生长和产量的影响，并评价抗旱性。【方法】对8个马铃薯品种进行正常灌水和干旱胁迫处理，测定株高、茎粗、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量（SPAD值）、干物质积累量、根冠比和产量，利用主成分分析和隶属函数法计算综合抗旱度量值（D），并对不同马铃薯品种的抗旱性进行综合评价。【结果】干旱胁迫处理下，不同马铃薯品种株高、茎粗、叶面积指数和产量较正常灌水处理有所降低、SPAD值有所上升；大丰10号和希森6号的各项指标与正常灌水处理差异不显著或降幅较小，鲁引1号、大丰9号和冀张薯12号的各项指标均显著低于正常灌水处理。干旱胁迫处理下，不同品种间植株各指标差异明显，希森6号株高和茎粗表现最佳，分别为64.20 cm 和12.63 mm；鲁引1号株高最低，为49.53 cm；冀张薯12号茎粗最小，为10.13 mm；华颂7号SPAD值最高，为53.03；冀张薯12号SPAD值最小，为39.73。干旱胁迫处理下，大丰10号在叶面积指数、干物质积累量、根冠比和产量方面表现最佳，分别为1.88、170.80 g/株、0.12、34 750 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>；冀张薯12号的叶面积指数、根冠比和产量表现最差，分别为0.94、0.08、18 750 kg/hm<sup>2</sup>；大丰9号干物质积累量最小，为121.78 g/株。干旱胁迫处理下，大丰10号和希森6号抗旱指数较高，分别为0.986和0.756。对各项指标进行主成分分析，共得到2个主成分：第1主成分贡献率为57.807%，特征值为5.203；第2主成分贡献率为20.281%，特征值为1.825。干旱胁迫处理下，大丰10号的综合抗旱度量值最大，为1.000。【结论】根据干旱胁迫处理下不同马铃薯品种生长和产量表现以及综合抗旱度量值大小，大丰10号抗旱性较强。
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| [25] |
Breeding climate-resilient crops with improved levels of abiotic and biotic stress resistance as a response to climate change presents both opportunities and challenges. Applying the framework of the “breeder’s equation,” which is used to predict the response to selection for a breeding program cycle, we review methodologies and strategies that have been used to successfully breed crops with improved levels of drought resistance, where the target population of environments (TPEs) is a spatially and temporally heterogeneous mixture of drought-affected and favorable (water-sufficient) environments. Long-term improvement of temperate maize for the US corn belt is used as a case study and compared with progress for other crops and geographies. Integration of trait information across scales, from genomes to ecosystems, is needed to accurately predict yield outcomes for genotypes within the current and future TPEs. This will require transdisciplinary teams to explore, identify, and exploit novel opportunities to accelerate breeding program outcomes; both improved germplasm resources and improved products (cultivars, hybrids, clones, and populations) that outperform and replace the products in use by farmers, in combination with modified agronomic management strategies suited to their local environments.
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| [26] |
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