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Screening Test of Soil Conditioners for Reducing Rice Cd and As in Pearl River Delta
YINYilong, WANGYujing, WANGYanhong
Chin Agric Sci Bull ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (34) : 74-81.
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Abbreviation (ISO4): Chin Agric Sci Bull
Editor in chief: Yulong YIN
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Screening Test of Soil Conditioners for Reducing Rice Cd and As in Pearl River Delta
The aims of the study are to investigate the effects of seven soil amendments on the uptake of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) by rice grown in the moderately to lightly heavy metal-contaminated paddy fields during the early and late growing stages, and identify effective amendments that significantly reduce heavy metal accumulation in rice grains, providing a basis for the safe production of contaminated farmland through precise amendment application. A field plot experiment was designed to evaluate seven types of soil amendments applied individually as basal fertilizers, including a nutrient-based blocking agent (ZK), Jiandifeng soil conditioner (JF), calcareous soil amendment (SH), oyster shell-based amendment (HK), Jinkuizi amendment (JK), organic soil amendment (OF), and Xinjiang soil conditioner (NK), with no amendment application serving as the control (CK). The study analyzed rice yield, Cd and As concentrations in brown rice, and selected soil physicochemical properties during both cropping seasons. The results showed that compared with the control, all seven soil amendments increased the soil pH in both early and late rice seasons to varying degrees. The SH treatment resulted in the greatest increase, with pH rising by 0.60 and 0.29 units, respectively. SH also significantly reduced soil DTPA-extractable Cd by 10.8% and 13.1% in the early and late seasons, respectively, although it showed a tendency to increase soil available As. The effects of the amendments on soil macro-nutrient elements (exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg and available Si) varied. SH treatment yielded the highest exchangeable Ca content (22.0% and 20.8% increases), ZK achieved the highest exchangeable Mg levels (increases of 9.9% and 12.2%), while JK significantly enhanced available Si content (increases of 89.8% and 80.1%) in early and late seasons, respectively. Five of the seven treatments significantly reduced Cd concentrations in brown rice, with reductions ranging from 26.0% to 59.6%; the greatest decrease in the early season was observed in the SH treatment. No amendment had a significant effect on the total As content in rice grains. Under the conditions of this study, the SH, ZK and HK amendments effectively increased soil pH, reduced DTPA-extractable Cd levels, and consequently decreased Cd accumulation in rice grains during both cropping seasons. These treatments maintained the rice yield and offered favorable economic benefits, highlighting their practical potential for improving grain safety in contaminated paddy fields.
soil conditioner / rice / cadmium / arsenic / Pearl River Delta
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