Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Rates on Growth, Yield and Quality of Walnut Trees in Southern Xinjiang

LI Yuan; KANG Huiru; PENG Bo; WU Lianxia; XIA Weixin; BI Haiyan

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0518

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Chin Agric Sci Bull ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4) : 75-82. DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0518

Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Rates on Growth, Yield and Quality of Walnut Trees in Southern Xinjiang

LI Yuan ¹ ,
KANG Huiru ² ,
PENG Bo ³ ,
WU Lianxia ² ,
XIA Weixin ⁴ ,
BI Haiyan ⁵

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Abstract

In order to improve the water resource utilization efficiency of orchards in southern Xinjiang, the effects of different drip irrigation rates on the growth, yield and quality of mature walnuts were studied. From 2022 to 2023, taking 15-year-old walnut tree, ‘Xinxin 2’, as the object, five treatments, 7350 m³/hm²(W0), 7350 m³/hm² (W1), 7800 m³/hm² (W2), 8700 m³/hm² (W3) and 12000 m³/hm² (CK) were set up in this research to study the effects of different irrigation amounts on soil moisture content, growth, yield and quality of walnut. The experimental results showed: (1)With the increase of drip irrigation, the soil moisture content increased rapidly, and when drip irrigation was 1500 m³/hm², the shallow soil water above 0-180 cm was mainly supplemented. From the first irrigation to the next irrigation, the moisture content of shallow soil from 0 to 100 cm fluctuated greatly due to surface evaporation and transpiration, while the moisture content below 100 cm fluctuated little. (2) The increase of drip irrigation had significant effects on shoot growth and the longitudinal diameter of fruit. The growth of new shoots, fruit longitudinal diameter and net photosynthetic rate of W0 treatment were significantly lower than those of other treatments. New shoot growth and photosynthetic rate of W1, W2 and W3 treatments were significantly lower than CK treatments, but there was no significant difference in fruit longitudinal diameter between them and CK treatments. (3) Compared to CK treatment, the yield under W0 treatment was reduced by 13.37% and 13.4% respectively in 2 years. There was no significant difference in yield between W1, W2 and W3 treatments and CK treatments. The walnut shell in W1 treatment was significantly thicker than that of other treatments, and the kernel yield was lower than that of other treatments. Combined with the growth physiology and yield quality characteristics of walnut, the recommended irrigation rate of walnut was W2 treatment.

Key words

different drip irrigation / water use efficiency / walnut / yield / growth and development

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LI Yuan , KANG Huiru , PENG Bo , et al . Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Rates on Growth, Yield and Quality of Walnut Trees in Southern Xinjiang[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin. 2026, 42(4): 75-82 https://doi.org/10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0518

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为了探究滴灌条件下，不同调亏灌溉对核桃树生长、高产的影响，通过核桃树的生长指标及产量的变化，从而得到最优的调亏灌溉制度。试验共设置了3次水平（ET 0、75%ET 0、50%ET 0），共5个处理，每个处理3次重复，其中W0是对照组（CK）；W1是Ⅱ期及Ⅲ期进行连续的中度、轻度调亏；W2是Ⅱ期进行轻度调亏；W3和W4是在Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期及Ⅲ期进行连续的中度、轻度调亏。试验发现W3处理对新梢增长抑制程度最大，与W0相比在Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期末分别减少了14.7%、28.93%、18.33%。在Ⅱ期轻度调亏对该生育期叶片细胞损伤最小，在后期正常灌水SPAD值可以恢复正常水平，其他处理则不能恢复正常水平。在Ⅱ期末，各个处理的果实纵横径及体积由大到小表现为：W3>W1>W4>W2>W0，生育期末则表现为W2>W0>W4>W1>W3。通过对不同调亏处理下的生长特性指标及产量的综合研究，确定出W2处理可以起到修枝增产的效果。

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