The study is conducted to quantitatively evaluate the impact of meteorological conditions on the quality of Changshan Huyou. Based on Huyou quality data and corresponding meteorological data from 2018 to 2023, correlation analysis and stepwise regression methods were employed to identify meteorological factors affecting Huyou quality. A climate quality evaluation model for Huyou was established using the weighted index method and expert empirical method. By applying this model, K-means clustering analysis was conducted on climate quality evaluation indices spanning the period from 1971 to 2023, enabling the classification of Huyou quality grades. The model was further utilized to evaluate and validate the climate quality of Huyou in Changshan County over the past six years. The results revealed that the key meteorological factors affecting the climate quality of Huyou include: the number of rainy days from late October to mid-November, sunshine duration during the same period, daily temperature range from late October to mid-November, precipitation from July to August, and the maximum consecutive high-temperature days from late May to mid-October. The clustering results based on the Climatic Quality Index (I_ACQ) classify the climatic quality of Huyou into three grades: Premium (I_ACQ≥2.48), First Grade (1.64≤I_ACQ<2.48), and Second Grade or below (I_ACQ<1.64). Over the past 6 years, the climate quality evaluation index of Huyou in Changshan County ranged between 1.7 and 2.7, with the majority classified as "Special Grade" or "First Grade". Spatially, Special Grade pomelos were predominantly distributed in eastern townships of Changshan County, including Qingshi Town, Dong’an Township, Daqiaotou Township, and Zhaoxian Town—the key cultivation areas. This study reveals that the response mechanisms of the five key meteorological factors for Changshanhuyou differ significantly from those of Satsuma mandarin during the critical phases of fruit quality development. Consequently, climate quality evaluation for citrus should adhere to the principle of varietal specificity. The established evaluation indicators and model demonstrated practical applicability and reliability, laying the foundation for climate quality certification of Huyou.