为了进一步系统研究隐性饥饿问题，对隐性饥饿的概念与危害及医学检验、食物强化、生物强化等方面的研究进展进行综述。提出面对隐性饥饿要强化系统理念，努力提高国家、地方和家庭经济水平，健全体检制度、丰富食物多样性、有针对性地开展食物强化与生物强化。

Three human cell lines of lymphoid (Molt-3 and Raji) or myeloid (HL-60) origin were maintained in vitro under zinc-sufficient or zinc-deficient conditions. Under these conditions, cell proliferation, viability and mode of death (apoptotic or necrotic) were assessed. All three cell types decreased their proliferative capacity and viability under conditions of zinc deficiency. Cell death in the HL-60 and Raji cultures occurred primarily via apoptosis, while most cells in zinc-deficient Molt-3 cultures died via necrosis. Apoptosis in zinc-deficient cultures of HL-60 and Raji cells was characterized by a slow decline in culture viability as cells with condensed and fragmented nuclear DNA appeared. These morphological changes were accompanied by an increase in cell buoyant density, which allowed separation of viable apoptotic cells from their non-apoptotic counterparts by means of percoll step-density gradients. Necrosis in zinc-deficient Molt-3 cultures was characterized by rapid loss of cell culture viability as these cells underwent direct lysis. Intact necrotic cells were easily identified by the flocculated state of their chromatin as well as the decreased basophilia of their cytoplasm. Analysis of DNA from apoptotic HL-60 and Raji cells revealed that internucleosomal DNA degradation, indicative of endogenous endonuclease activation, had occurred, whereas the nuclear DNA of necrotic Molt-3 cells remained relatively unfragmented. The different modes of cell death evoked may reflect the relative sensitivities of cells of these lineages to zinc levels in vivo.

Zinc ions are key structural components of a large number of proteins. The binding of zinc stabilizes the folded conformations of domains so that they may facilitate interactions between the proteins and other macromolecules such as DNA. The modular nature of some of these zinc-containing proteins has allowed the rational design of site-specific DNA binding proteins. The ability of zinc to be bound specifically within a range of tetrahedral sites appears to be responsible for the evolution of the side range of zinc-stabilized structural domains now known to exist. The lack of redox activity for the zinc ion and its binding and exchange kinetics also may be important in the use of zinc for specific functional roles.

为探究锌肥在干旱胁迫下对冬小麦根系生长发育及产量的影响，以洛旱6号小麦为供试材料，采用盆栽控水的方法模拟干旱胁迫，设置T1（正常灌溉+0 mg/kg锌）、T2（正常灌溉+1 mg/kg锌）、T3（干旱胁迫+0 mg/kg锌）、T4（干旱胁迫+1 mg/kg锌）4个处理，研究了锌肥对干旱胁迫下小麦根系形态结构、生理活性及单株产量的影响。结果表明，与T1处理相比，T3处理总体上小麦总根长、根平均直径、根总表面积和根总体积显著降低，根毛密度和根毛直径显著减少，而根毛长度差异未达显著水平。根毛结构因干旱胁迫受损，细胞壁变薄，未见细胞核，大部分细胞器解体，内含物消失，根毛衰亡。根系锌含量、生长素含量及根系活力下降，最终表现为单株产量显著降低。与T3处理相比，总体上T4处理的根系总长、根平均直径、根总表面积和根总体积显著增加，根毛密度和直径明显增大，根毛结构完整，细胞核清晰可见，内含物充实，根毛生长良好。根系锌含量、生长素含量和根系活力显著上升。研究还发现，与T3处理相比，T4处理下小麦单株穗数、穗粒数、千粒质量和单株产量分别增加了6.25%，8.01%，6.87%和50.00%。综合分析可知，在豫西旱地生态条件下，增施锌肥能增强小麦根系在干旱胁迫下的稳定性，改善小麦根系发育状况。因此，增施锌肥对缓解干旱胁迫下小麦减产有重要作用。

为了探究微量元素锌和硼对玉米果穗的影响,以豫单606为材料,采用盆栽试验,设置不施用锌肥和硼肥(对照,CK)、施用锌肥、施用硼肥、同时施用锌肥和硼肥4种处理,调查了玉米穗粒性状和品质的变化。结果表明,施用锌肥和硼肥,秃尖减少,行粒数增加,产量显著提高;施用锌肥籽粒长度增加,粒厚、百粒体积和百粒重降低,由于穗粒数提高,单穗产量增加;施用硼肥籽粒长度、百粒重、百粒体积和单穗产量均增加。与CK相比,单施锌肥、硼肥及锌肥和硼肥配施均能提高籽粒蛋白质含量;施用锌肥籽粒脂肪含量显著提高,施用硼肥籽粒脂肪含量降低;各施肥处理淀粉含量均无显著差异。与CK相比,施用锌肥或硼肥以及锌肥和硼肥配施显著提高了籽粒锌和硼的含量。本研究结果为锌肥和硼肥在玉米生产中的应用提供了参考。

锌（Zn）是生物体必需的微量元素，在动植物和人体的生长发育中具有重要作用。为了提高玉米籽粒中Zn的含量，以102份玉米种质资源为材料，对玉米籽粒中的Zn含量进行分析，发现102份玉米籽粒Zn含量的变异范围为8.42～33.7 mg/kg，平均含量为19.61 mg/kg，变异系数为28.45％，表明玉米种质资源中的Zn含量具有明显的多样性。为了进一步分析籽粒Zn含量与Zn吸收效率之间的关系，从102份材料中挑出含Zn量差异显著的2个材料叶面喷施Zn肥，结果表明叶面喷施Zn肥均能显著的提高京科糯2010（JK2010）和京科糯928（JK928）籽粒中Zn的含量，分别提高了87.5%和135%；富Zn JK2010株系的籽粒Zn含量随着喷施Zn浓度的增加而提高，且Fe对Zn的吸收具有促进作用；低Zn的JK928株系籽粒Zn含量不受喷施Zn浓度和Fe的影响，同时也发现Zn肥的施用对其他一些矿物元素的吸收也有影响。