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Meta-analysis of Effects of Saline Irrigation on Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency
QIUQiang, WANGHuanzhi, HUAWeina, LIUXiaoying, GUOJimin, ZHANGXiaoli, ZHENGHao, WUGuowei
Chin Agric Sci Bull ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (18) : 46-54.
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Abbreviation (ISO4): Chin Agric Sci Bull
Editor in chief: Yulong YIN
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Meta-analysis of Effects of Saline Irrigation on Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency
Saltwater irrigation has received extensive attention as an important means to alleviate water scarcity, but the mechanism of its impact on crop yield and water use efficiency remains unclear. This study conducted a Meta-analysis by integrating 57 articles with a total of 727 data sets to systematically evaluate the effects of saltwater irrigation on crop yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under different crop types, climatic conditions, soil properties, and irrigation levels. The results showed that saltwater irrigation significantly reduced crop yield, WUE, and IWUE. Among them, the decline was most obvious under high salinity irrigation conditions (ECi>3.0 dS/m), reaching 24.0%, 5.5%, and 14.8% respectively. The influence of slightly saline water (ECi≤3.0 dS/m) was relatively small, indicating that moderate salinity irrigation could alleviate the adverse effects on crops under certain conditions. Climate and soil factors had a significant regulatory effect on the irrigation effect of saline water. The negative impact was weaker in humid areas (annual precipitation >800 mm), while it was more pronounced in arid and semi-arid regions; loam and clay soils could better buffer salt stress than sandy soils. Appropriate irrigation volume (100-300 mm) could significantly increase crop yield and water use efficiency, and its effect was more prominent under saline water irrigation conditions. Based on the above results, this study suggested that when implementing saline water irrigation in arid and semi-arid regions, loam or clay conditions with an annual precipitation of more than 400 mm should be prioritized, and an appropriate irrigation volume of 100-300 mm should be configured to maximize the maintenance of crop yield and water use efficiency. This research provides a scientific basis for the optimized management of saline water irrigation in arid areas.
saltwater irrigation / crop yield / water use efficiency / irrigation water use efficiency
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淡水资源短缺是限制农业可持续发展的重要因素,而采用适宜浓度的咸水灌溉成为弥补这一短板的有效途径,但是持续利用咸水灌溉可能增加土壤次生盐渍化风险,因此,利用咸水灌溉的同时应保证盐分淋洗。为准确评估咸水灌溉对土壤的长期影响以及增施有机肥对盐分淋洗的效果,依托连续10 a旱作处理以及1,3,5 g/L的咸水灌溉,分别施用化肥和化肥基础上增施有机肥开展工作。通过分析0~200 cm土壤剖面每20 cm土壤含水量、电导率、pH值、有机质、全氮、有效磷和全磷含量,发现不同浓度咸水灌溉对表层土壤电导率等特征没有显著影响,而采用5 g/L的咸水灌溉处理增加了增施有机肥下0~20 cm和120 cm以下土层土壤含盐量。此外,相较于化肥处理,增施有机肥处理显著提高了土壤耕层含水量、有机质、全氮、有效磷和全磷含量,各指标提高幅度为14.16%,38.27%,32.39%,44.25%,9.56%。可见,尽管增施有机肥提高了土壤电导率,但是土壤仍处于低盐环境,而增施有机肥对土壤养分(尤其是有效磷)含量的提升幅度更大。同时,由于降雨和冬小麦种植前的淡水灌溉,在该区域采用<5 g/L的咸水灌溉不会引起表层土壤积盐。
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