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Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybeans in Southern Foothills of Greater Khingan Range
BAIHujie, ZHAOXiaoyu, LIUKunyu, CHENGuangping, GAOYuanli, WUJuan, WANGXuejiao, HONGDi, DONGYuheng, ELili, TANGCunxi, LIQiang
Chin Agric Sci Bull ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16) : 1-6.
PDF(2012 KB)
Abbreviation (ISO4): Chin Agric Sci Bull
Editor in chief: Yulong YIN
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Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybeans in Southern Foothills of Greater Khingan Range
To investigate the effects of supplementary microalgal nutrient solutions and microbial inoculants on growth and yield of soybean in the southern foothills of the Greater Khingan Range, a study was conducted from 2023 to 2024 at the soybean industrial park in Xiaomoding Village, Nierji Town, Moqi Banner, Inner Mongolia. ‘Mengke Dou 23’, a locally predominant soybean cultivar, was used as the experimental material. Four treatments were established: conventional fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization + microalgal nutrient solution (ALG), conventional fertilization + microbial agent (ARC), and conventional fertilization + microalgal nutrient solution + microbial agent (ALG+ARC). The study systematically examined the effects of these fertilization regimes on soybean agronomic traits, rhizobium abundance, seed quality, and yield. Results from the two-year experiment indicated that, compared to CK, the ALG+ARC treatment significantly increased soybean plant height by 8.41% and the number of main stem nodes by 8.71%, while significantly reducing pod height by 7.07% (P<0.05). Under the ALG+ARC treatment, the soybean root nodule count reached 92 per plant, representing a 33.33% increase compared with CK. Root nodule dry weight and plant dry matter accumulation were also significantly higher than those in other treatments (P<0.05), indicating a marked enhancement in nitrogen-fixing capacity. Grain protein and fat contents reached 40.58% and 20.51%, respectively, both of which were significantly higher than those in other treatments (P<0.05). The 100-seed weight increased to 19.85 g, and the yield reached 2919.75 kg/hm², representing a 10.45% increase compared with CK. This yield enhancement was significantly superior to that of the single-application treatments (ALG: 4.65%; ARC: 5.64%) (P<0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that soybean yield exhibited extremely significant positive correlations (P<0.01) with 100-seed weight, effective plant number, rhizobium count, number of main stem nodes, plant height, and total growth period, while showing an extremely significant negative correlation (P<0.01) with pod base height. Supplementing conventional fertilization with microalgal nutrient solutions and microbial inoculants synergistically enhances the nitrogen-fixing capacity, grain quality, and yield of soybeans cultivated in the southern foothills of the Greater Khingan Range. This provides an optimal fertilization strategy for achieving environmentally sustainable and high-yield soybean production in this region.
soybean / microalgal nutrient solution / microbial inoculant / agronomic traits / yield
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Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is a process that is well-known and fast-developing in Europe. AD generates large amounts of digestate, especially in livestock-intensive areas. Digestate has potential environmental issues due to nutrients (such as nitrogen) lixiviation or volatilization. Using liquid digestate as a nutrient source for microalgae growth is considered beneficial because digestate could be valorized and upgraded by the production of an added value product. In this work, microalgal biomass produced using liquid digestate from an agricultural biogas plant was investigated as a slow-release fertilizer in tomatoes. Monoraphidium sp. was first cultivated at different dilutions (1:20, 1:30, 1:50), in indoor laboratory-scale trials. The optimum dilution factor was determined to be 1:50, with a specific growth rate of 0.13 d−1 and a complete nitrogen removal capacity in 25 days of culture. Then, outdoor experiments were conducted in a 110 dm3 vertical, closed photobioreactors (PBRs) in batch and semi-continuous mode with 1:50 diluted liquid digestate. During the batch mode, the microalgae were able to remove almost all NH4+ and 65 (±13) % of PO43−, while the microalgal growth rate reached 0.25 d−1. After the batch mode, the cultures were switched to operate under semi-continuously conditions. The cell densities were maintained at 1.3 × 107 cells mL−1 and a biomass productivity around 38.3 mg TSS L−1 d−1 during three weeks was achieved, where after that it started to decline due to unfavorable weather conditions. Microalgae biomass was further tested as a fertilizer for tomatoes growth, enhancing by 32% plant growth in terms of dry biomass compared with the control trials (without fertilization). Similar performances were achieved in tomato growth using synthetic fertilizer or digestate. Finally, the leaching effect in soils columns without plant was tested and after 25 days, only 7% of N was leached when microalgae were used, against 50% in the case of synthetic fertilizer.
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