To enable efficient prevention and control of brown spot of peach pulp, this study investigated its field occurrence patterns and key influencing factors. Using varieties such as ‘Jinxiu’ yellow peach and ‘Olecranon’ peach as subjects, fruit samples were collected from various types of peach orchards. Observations were conducted on symptom manifestation, time of occurrence, and disease location. By comparing the fruit incidence rate, disease index, and coloration coefficient, the effects of factors including cultivar, inter-annual variation, soil type, tree age, slope position, and aspect on the occurrence of brown spot were analyzed. The results indicated that: in the initial stage of brown spot of peach pulp, the fruit epidermis showed no abnormalities; in the mid-to-late stages, it appeared dark green and sunken. Independent lesions were nearly circular, with a diameter of 3 mm to 6 mm; the color progressed from white to brown, and in the mid-to-late stages, the sunken areas presented a honeycomb-like appearance. The occurrence process was divided into the initial stage (25 days before maturity), the rapid stage (18 days before maturity), the peak stage (11 days before maturity), and the severe stage (3 days before maturity). The disease location developed from the fruit apex towards the fruit shoulder, and from the shallow flesh to the stone. This symptom primarily occurred in mid-to-late ripening, hard-melting or non-melting varieties maturing from mid-July onward; it did not occur or occurred lightly in trees aged 1 to 3 years, but intensified year by year after the 4^th year. Regarding soil types, the severity was lightest in terraced loam soil and most severe in mountainous sandy soil; the order of severity by slope segment was: upper slope segment>middle slope segment>lower slope segment>flat ground at the slope bottom; regarding aspect, west-facing slopes were more severely affected. In conclusion, brown spot of peach pulp is closely related to variety, tree age, soil type, slope segment, and aspect, and can be effectively controlled through rational orchard establishment; and its trend of annual aggravation suggests the potential existence of a dominant inducing factor, which requires further investigation.