PDF(1335 KB)
Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Soil Properties and Tobacco Yield and Quality Under Alfalfa-Tobacco Rotation System
XUXingyang, YANGZongyun, GENGYu, MAZuoyu, WANGXiaoyun, HOUYongqiang, PANSiguang, PANYihong
Chin Agric Sci Bull ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (19) : 51-59.
PDF(1335 KB)
Abbreviation (ISO4): Chin Agric Sci Bull
Editor in chief: Yulong YIN
PDF(1335 KB)
Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on Soil Properties and Tobacco Yield and Quality Under Alfalfa-Tobacco Rotation System
To explore the effect of a ‘two-year alfalfa-one-year tobacco’ rotation system and the appropriate combined application scheme of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and to alleviate the continuous tobacco cultivation obstacles, ‘K326’ tobacco and the alfalfa variety ‘Algonquin’ were used as materials for the experiment in the tobacco-growing area of Xundian, Yunnan Province. A L9(33) orthogonal design was adopted to set up 9 combined application treatments of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and 1 blank control (CK). The effects of different fertilization strategies on soil physical and chemical properties and tobacco yield and quality under this planting system were analyzed. The results showed that the fresh weight and dry weight of alfalfa in the second year were 31.6% and 44.2% higher than those in the first year, respectively, and the best cutting period was in the late spring and early summer. The combined application of fertilizers had no significant effect on soil pH and water-soluble chlorine content (P>0.05). The T7 treatment (N 127.5 kg/hm2, P2O5 82.5 kg/hm2, K2O 382.5 kg/hm2) had the best effect on improving soil organic matter and other nutrient indicators. The agronomic traits were the best in the T7 treatment, and the growth vigor of tobacco plants was the best. In terms of economic traits, the T7 treatment had the highest yield, and the T6 treatment (N 105.0 kg/hm2, P2O5 112.5 kg/hm2, K2O 247.5 kg/hm2) had the best comprehensive benefits, with a value of 67984.5 yuan/hm2 and a proportion of high-quality tobacco of 75.83%. The T3 (N 82.5 kg/hm2, P2O5 112.5 kg/hm2, K2O 382.5 kg/hm2), T4 (N 105.0 kg/hm2, P2O5 82.5 kg/hm2, K2O 315.0 kg/hm2), T6 and T7 treatments had excellent tobacco leaf appearance quality, and the T4, T6 and T7 treatments had higher chemical component availability indices of middle tobacco leaves. The blank control was significantly lower than the fertilization treatments (T1-T9) in all indicators (P<0.05), and the growth and yield and quality of tobacco were severely inhibited. In conclusion, the ‘two-year alfalfa + one-year tobacco’ rotation system can improve the basic fertility of tobacco field soil. Combined with the appropriate application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, it can significantly improve the soil and enhance the yield and quality of tobacco. Among them, the T6 treatment is the optimal fertilization treatment that takes into account both yield and quality and economic benefits, and the T7 treatment is the appropriate fertilization treatment that focuses on increasing yield.
flue-cured tobacco / alfalfa / rotation / combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium / soil physical and chemical properties / economic traits
| [1] |
王亚麒, 刘京, 芶剑渝, 等. 长期有机无机配施下烤烟玉米轮作优化土壤微生物活化无机磷[J]. 土壤学报, 2022, 59(3):808-818.
|
| [2] |
何林卫. 种植模式及施肥对遵义烤烟产质量和土壤的影响[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2015.
|
| [3] |
夏围围, 李乙坤, 张萌, 等. 硝化微生物在土壤团聚体中的分布及其对种植方式的响应[J]. 土壤学报, 2023, 60(6):1764-1775.
|
| [4] |
|
| [5] |
张艳. 烤烟连作、 烤烟-玉米轮作对烟叶品质和土壤养分的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2014, 43(8):45-48.
为明确烤烟轮作、连作对烟叶品质及土壤养分的影响，进行了6 a烤烟连作、烤烟-玉米轮作试验，比较了不同种植模式下烟叶产量和烤烟病害发生情况的差异，并测定了烟叶化学成分及土壤氮、磷、钾含量。结果显示：在烤烟连作和烤烟-玉米轮作2种模式下，烟叶产量、化学成分含量以及病害发生率均无显著差异，但烤烟连作下烟叶产量平均年度变异系数明显低于烤烟轮作；2种种植模式下土壤有机质含量和全量氮、磷、钾含量无显著差异，但不同种植模式下速效氮、磷、钾含量在试验前后的变化情况不同，其中速效氮含量在烤烟连作下比试验前略有降低，烤烟-玉米轮作中则略有增加，速效磷、钾的变化与之相反，特别是烤烟-玉米轮作中速效钾含量较试验前显著降低。与试验前土壤速效养分比例(1∶0.09∶1.81)相比，耕作6 a后,连作烟地速效养分比例(1∶0.12∶2.17)较烤烟-玉米轮作(1∶0.09∶1.40)更接近烤烟生长适宜速效养分比例(1∶0.55∶2.40)。因此，简单的轮作特别是与施肥量较高的作物轮作，不能从根本上改善土壤养分比例,提高烟叶产量和品质。
|
| [6] |
张愉乐, 葛环宇, 李冉, 等. 烤烟与绿肥轮作下配施减量缓释氮、钾肥的效应与机制[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2025(9):101-110.
|
| [7] |
陈检锋, 梁海, 王伟, 等. 玉米-绿肥轮作体系下光叶紫花苕的氮肥替代和土壤肥力提升效应[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2021, 27(9):1571-1580.
|
| [8] |
|
| [9] |
时安东, 李建伟, 袁玲. 轮间作系统对烤烟产量、品质和土壤养分的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2011, 17(2):411-418.
|
| [10] |
何丹, 陆引罡, 周建云, 等. 不同轮作方式下烟土供肥规律的研究[J]. 广东农业科学, 2013, 40(22):82-85.
|
| [11] |
谭玉兰, 曾庆飞, 韦兴迪, 等. 不同牧草品种与烤烟轮作对植烟土壤养分及物理性状的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2019, 47(19):275-279.
|
| [12] |
杨宗云, 李顺, 诸泽明, 等. 水稻土烟区烤烟不同种植体系对根际土壤特性及烟叶产质量的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2024, 37(6):1247-1253.
|
| [13] |
李祥森. 寻甸县肉牛养殖目前的困境及对策[J]. 中国动物保健, 2025, 27(7):127-129.
|
| [14] |
陈万高, 徐林, 杨继怀, 等. 寻甸县肉牛产业发展前景及对策分析[J]. 中国畜禽种业, 2022, 18(5):3-7.
|
| [15] |
张晓峰, 曹海英, 王琴. 内蒙古饲草料供需影响肉羊产业发展的探讨[J]. 山东畜牧兽医, 2025, 46(12):49-53.
|
| [16] |
鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2000:1-200.
|
| [17] |
徐兴阳, 徐安传, 王欣林, 等. 基于叶形纸称重法的烤烟田间最大叶面积指数研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(28):46-49.
为给科技人员正确应用烤烟叶面积相关指标提供参考依据，在现行优质烟生产条件下，针对14个基因型烤烟叶面积指数最大时期的关联指标进行研究。结果表明：采用叶形纸称重法测算烤烟叶面积校正系数是完全可行的。田间单株叶面积在1.84~2.90 m<sup>2</sup>，平均为2.08 m<sup>2</sup>；最大叶面积指数在3.07~4.83，平均为3.47。不同基因型烤烟之间，叶面积校正系数和最大叶面积指数差异较大，不宜采用某一常数值进行机械套用，而应针对特定品种进行探索。
|
| [18] |
王育军, 周冀衡, 鲁鑫浪, 等. 昆明市烤烟化学成分可用性评价及其与潜香物质的关系[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2014, 16(5):108-114.
|
| [19] |
王婷. 两种豆科绿肥对土壤微生物多样性及甜瓜产量和品质的影响[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2025.
|
| [20] |
韩宜霖, 康文娟, 师尚礼, 等. 中华根瘤菌株QL2与不同紫花苜蓿品种共生效应的差异[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(10):132-150.
为明确中华根瘤菌株QL2共生不同紫花苜蓿品种的固氮效应差异特征，提高紫花苜蓿的结瘤固氮能力和天然氮素利用效率。以中华根瘤菌QL2和8个紫花苜蓿 ［3个国外引进品种（WL168HQ、WL298HQ和WL319HQ）、我国3个育成品种（甘农3号、甘农5号和甘农9号）及2个地方品种（清水苜蓿和陇中苜蓿）］为材料，通过结瘤、固氮、饲草生物量和营养品质等指标，研究接种QL2后在共生、固氮和促生效应等方面的差异特征。结果表明：接种根瘤菌QL2后，我国育成型紫花苜蓿品种的有效根瘤单颗重、根瘤直径以及根瘤组织被侵染细胞数目均显著优于地方品种和国外引进品种70%以上。固氮效应方面，国外引进品种固氮率（52.62%~63.49%）和我国育成品种的固氮率（53.30%~62.41%），均显著高于地方品种（43.05%~46.72%）。层次分割分析表明结瘤因子（根瘤组织被侵染细胞数目、单株有效根瘤数、单颗有效根瘤重和根瘤直径）和固氮因子（固氮酶活性、固氮率和固氮量）对地上干重具有63%的解释率，其中固氮因子的贡献率达89.56%，结瘤因子的贡献率仅占13.55%。相关性分析表明接种根瘤菌QL2后，不同类型品种固氮率均与地上干重显著正相关，即国外引进品种整体的地上干重增长率最大，最高达48.08%，其次为我国育成型和地方型品种。固氮率也与饲草营养品质的产量显著正相关，接种根瘤菌可普遍提高紫花苜蓿粗蛋白产量，最高增长率达51.08%（P<0.05），降低中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维产量，最高分别降低40.55%和53.96%，可使饲草等级跃升1~2个等级。因此，固氮率对地上干重和饲草营养品质均会产生显著的积极影响，说明其在紫花苜蓿的产量提升和营养品质改善方面发挥着更为关键的作用，本研究结果为精准调控豆科植物-根瘤菌组合的固氮效应以及优化紫花苜蓿饲草品质提供了重要依据。
|
| [21] |
刘春燕, 张利影, 周杰, 等. 豆科作物轮作强化农田生态系统功能的研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(8):1885-1895.
集约化农业对保障国家粮食安全至关重要, 但其导致的生态环境代价与绿色可持续发展之间的矛盾日益突出。引入豆科作物到农田生态系统对于实现地力保育、作物丰产稳产和资源优化利用等多目标协同具有重要意义。本文系统总结了豆科作物轮作对作物生产和土壤功能的主要影响: 1) 豆科作物通过生物固氮、高质量的根际分泌物输入、秸秆还田等过程改善了土壤氮素水平, 产生正向的残留效应, 有利于后茬作物增产, 且增产效应在低产区更显著; 2) 豆科作物轮作可以通过氮肥减施降低系统N<sub>2</sub>O排放, 但豆科的生物固氮过程有增加CO<sub>2</sub>排放的风险; 3) 低C/N、高氮含量的豆科秸秆还田能够提高土壤微生物活性和残体积累, 提高土壤固碳效率, 但其固碳效应也受到较低的秸秆生物量投入限制; 4) 豆科作物可以提高后茬作物的水肥利用效率, 同时利用前后茬作物根系深浅合理搭配, 实现轮作周年水肥高效利用。因此, 将豆科作物引入到轮作系统可实现氮肥减施和增产, 但其产生的土壤固碳和温室气体减排效应受到作物种类、肥料投入、土壤和气候条件等多种因素的综合影响。为更好地发挥豆科作物轮作优势, 应深入探究豆科促进后茬作物增产和驱动地下部生态功能提升的耦合机制, 开发豆科作物轮作配套田间管理技术, 并定向设计适合我国典型生态区的新型生态高效种植体系, 对推动豆科作物轮作模式构建与应用及农业绿色发展具有重要理论意义和实践价值。
|
| [22] |
旦增塔庆, 土登群培, 次珍, 等. 种植年限对西藏河谷地区紫花苜蓿人工草地土壤养分和微生物群落特征的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(24):69-78.
发展紫花苜蓿草产业是西藏河谷地区提高农牧业综合效益和改善生态环境的重要手段。土壤养分和微生物环境是衡量生态系统健康状况的重要指标，但长期种植紫花苜蓿对土壤的影响尚缺乏深入研究。本研究以拉萨河谷地区不同种植年限（2、4、5、6、7 a）的紫花苜蓿人工草地为研究对象，以天然河滩地和燕麦草地为对照，系统研究了不同种植年限紫花苜蓿对土壤化学性质和微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明：（1）种植紫花苜蓿能够显著提高拉萨河谷地区土壤碳、氮含量，且种植5 a和6 a时土壤有机碳、全氮、硝态氮、可溶性总氮、溶解有机碳、溶解有机氮和微生物量氮等关键养分指标，与天然河滩地和燕麦草地相比存在显著差异(P<0.05)，表明紫花苜蓿的固氮和土壤改良作用在5~6 a达到最佳状态。（2）不同样地细菌OTUs数量和多样性未呈现显著差异，而真菌群落结构和多样性表现出明显分化。其中，种植5、6、7 a的样地真菌OTUs数量、真菌物种数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数显著高于燕麦人工草地(P<0.05)，种植4 a的样地仅有真菌OTUs数量显著增加，且随着紫花苜蓿种植年限的增加，真菌OTUs数量和多样性指数逐渐升高。（3）各样地细菌和真菌各自的主要优势门、属高度相似，但相对丰度差异明显。有益微生物门、属随着紫花苜蓿种植年限的增长逐渐增多。（4）土壤中细菌/真菌OTUs数量与土壤全氮、硝态氮、可溶性总氮、溶解有机碳、溶解有机氮和微生物量氮等指标呈显著正相关，表明土壤微生物群落的丰富度随养分含量提升而增加。细菌优势属的分布主要受土壤有机碳和有效磷含量影响，真菌优势属则与土壤碳、氮含量密切相关，体现了不同微生物类群对土壤养分的响应差异。细菌Simpson指数与土壤氮素含量显著正相关，说明土壤氮素的增加有助于提高细菌群落的多样性。综合来看，在拉萨河谷地区，种植5 a和6 a的紫花苜蓿在改善土壤质量和提升微生物多样性方面的综合效益最为显著，明显优于种植2 a。本研究揭示了紫花苜蓿在拉萨河谷高原生态修复中的重要作用，明确了其最佳种植年限为5~6 a，为该地区土壤改良、生态重建及紫花苜蓿草产业的可持续发展提供了科学依据与实践指导。研究结果可为高寒河谷地区人工草地建设提供参考，促进生态恢复和农牧业可持续发展。
|
| [23] |
Soil desertification is an important factor leading to soil degradation and environmental problems such as atmospheric or water pollution. Conservation agriculture, such as crop rotation and conservation tillage, can reduce soil erosion and nutrient loss caused by wind in semi-arid regions. However, the relationships between the loss of soil and nutrients and surface vegetation characteristics are frequently obtained according to a short-term simulation experiment, which makes the application of the conclusions limited. In this study, we conducted a 4-year field experiment continuously with three crop rotations, i.e., spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cropping, and fallow when previous rapeseed crops (Brassica napus L.) were being harvested; measured the surface vegetation characteristics, soil nutrients, and loss of soil and nutrients caused by wind; and analyzed their variations and quantitative relations. The findings of this study indicated that the coverage, height, and biomass of the aboveground vegetation in three rotations in the spring and autumn had significant differences, and the rank order was fallow field < wheat field < alfalfa field. With the extension of growing years, the soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) of a 0–5 cm soil layer all increased to varying degrees and had significant differences among the rotations during the late stages of the experiment (p < 0.05), while the changes in the total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) were small, and their values had decreasing trends. The available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) decreased first and then increased during the experimental period, while the available potassium (AK) had an increasing tendency. The increase in soil nutrients in the alfalfa field was the highest during the whole experiment period, while the loss of soil and nutrients (SOC, TN, TP, and TK) was the lowest, followed by the wheat and fallow fields. There were significant negative correlations between the surface vegetation characteristics and the loss of soil and nutrients (p < 0.01), while the correlations between soil loss and the loss of soil nutrients were significantly positive. In summary, alfalfa crop rotation can obviously reduce the loss of soil and nutrients in semi-arid areas, which is conducive to the sustainability of agroecosystems.
|
| [24] |
The long-term physicochemical responses of aeolian sandy soil aggregates to different crop rotation patterns are poorly understood. Here, we collected soil samples from the 0 to 20 cm tillage layer of continuous maize crop and alfalfa–maize rotation plots situated on the edge of the Zhangye Oasis, Northwest China. These samples were analyzed to quantify the influence of both cropping patterns on the structure, carbon content, and nitrogen content of aeolian sandy soils. When compared with long-term continuous maize cropping, planting alfalfa–maize rotation system significantly increased the mass fraction of macro-aggregates with sizes of > 2 mm and 0.25–2 mm from 8.7 to 12.1% and 19.1 to 21.2%, respectively, but decreased the mass fraction of micro-aggregates (0.053–0.25 mm) from 8.1 to 6.2%. Further, there was no significant difference in the content of silt and clay particles between each system. The alfalfa–maize rotation increased the stability of aggregates from 32 to 37%, representing an increase of 15.6%. Soil organic carbon, inorganic carbon, and total nitrogen were mainly enriched in macro-aggregates with sizes of > 2 mm, and silt and clay fractions for both cropping patterns. Implementation of a rotation pattern increased organic carbon contents by 27.2%, 25.6%, 26.7%, and 27.6%, inorganic carbon contents by 14.4%, 4.5%, 53.3%, and 21.0%, and total nitrogen contents by 29.7%, 7.0%, 4.2%, and 50.0% in aggregate particle sizes of > 2 mm, 0.25–2 mm, 0.053–0.25 mm, and < 0.053 mm, respectively, when compared to continuous maize cropping. The alfalfa–maize crop rotation can therefore effectively improve soil aggregate composition and aggregate stability, alongside organic carbon content, inorganic carbon content, total nitrogen content, and their storage capacity. This system thus represents a soil cultivation technique that can increase the soil carbon sequestration capacity in the oasis zone of Northwest China.
|
| [25] |
Little information is known about the effects of different fertilization practices on soil microbiome in intensively managed crop rotations. The objective of this research was to investigate the response of microbial community composition (phospholipid fatty acid, PLFA) and extracellular enzyme activity to fertilization treatments through a three-year experiment. Treatments were: Control (without fertilizer, CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), NPK + pig manure (NPKM), NPK + straw (NPKS), and NPK + both manure and straw (NPKMS). We found that fertilization had no effect on the microbial abundance except arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) PLFA. Soil microbial community composition was significantly affected by crop species and to a lesser extent by fertilization, with a greater influence on the wheat harvest. In addition, soil enzyme activities were enhanced by fertilization, especially in wheat season. Over three years, compared with NPK treatment, addition of organic manure or straw (NPKS and NPKMS) significantly increased the activities of the enzymes except invertase and urease, and the effect was greater at wheat harvest than the maize harvest. Our results indicate that the response of soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities to fertilization takes precedence than microbial biomass in the short term. The temporal variation in soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities in the crop rotation indicate that crop species may be carefully considered for sustainable agricultural intensification management.
|
| [26] |
冯浩亮, 韩晓增, 陆欣春, 等. 有机培肥影响土壤团聚体形成与稳定的研究进展[J]. 土壤与作物, 2023, 12(4):393-400.
|
| [27] |
余洁, 苗淑杰, 乔云发. 不同类型土壤团聚体稳定机制的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(14):89-95.
土壤团聚体是土壤生态系统中重要的组成部分,影响着土壤的物理、化学和生物学性质,它的稳定性是受粘结剂和分散剂共同作用的结果。本研究目的在于探讨粘结剂和分散剂对土壤团聚体稳定机制的影响。选取全国10种主要地带性土壤类型（黑土、红壤、黄棕壤、暗棕壤、紫色土、栗钙土、黄绵土、潮土、砖红壤、风沙土）为研究对象,采用湿筛法筛分土壤团聚体并测定分析。结果表明：在10种类型土壤团聚体分布中发现砖红壤>0.25 mm大团聚体含量最高,为86.77%;黑土次之,为76.13%;潮土大团聚体含量最少,仅为42.85%。>2 mm和0.5~1 mm含量对团聚体分布影响最大。各个土壤有机质中黑土有机质含量为46.06 g/kg,显著高于其他土壤,砖红壤次之;粒径<0.053 mm时各土壤有机质差异最显著,粒径>2 mm时与全土有机质趋势一致。栗钙土在10种土壤中交换性钠含量最高,为234.48 mg/kg,其次是潮土177.08 mg/kg。从整体看,有机质含量与土壤团聚体稳定性呈正相关(r=0.615),交换性钠与土壤团聚体呈负相关(r=-0.391),有机质与团聚体稳定性的显著相关性在粒径0.053~0.25 mm最明显。土壤团聚体的稳定由有机质与交换性钠共同作用,增加相同单位的有机质与交换性钠,有机质对团聚体的稳定效果是交换性钠分散效果的10倍。为更好的保护土壤,在农业生产中应施用含钠较低的有机肥,减少人类对土壤结构的破坏。
|
| [28] |
汤宏, 曾掌权, 李向阳, 等. 水磷耦合烤烟养分吸收分配规律研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019, 33(2):294-302.
|
| [29] |
李云霞, 杨佳蒴, 李洋洋, 等. 不同移栽期对烟稻轮作烟区烤烟生长发育及产量和质量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2025(2):222-227.
|
| [30] |
许晓敬, 张小全, 侯冰清, 等. 生态、品种和栽培措施及其互作对烤烟主要化学成分含量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(13):62-66.
为探讨生态、品种、栽培措施及其互作对烤烟主要化学成分（还原糖、总氮和烟碱）含量的影响，在河南、山东、陕西3个烟区，以‘豫烟10号’‘、粤烟98’‘、K326’‘、湘烟3号’为研究材料，设置不同的栽培措施，采用方差分析的方法比较烟叶化学成分含量的差异。结果表明：烟叶主要化学成分含量的变异系数在生态间最大，在品种、栽培措施间较小。生态、品种、栽培措施及其互作对还原糖、总氮、烟碱含量均有显著的影响，生态条件对烟叶还原糖、总氮、烟碱含量的贡献率分别为53.92%、24.33%和77.41%，其次是互作效应和品种，栽培处理的贡献率最小。烟叶还原糖和烟碱含量与成熟期和旺长期的降雨量、日照时数关联度较大；烟叶总氮含量与旺长期、成熟期和团棵期的总日照时数关联度最大。生态条件对烟叶化学成分的影响大于品种和栽培措施，是影响烟叶化学成分的主要因素。整个大田期以降雨量和日照时数与烟叶化学成分相关性较大。
|
| [31] |
宋鹏, 李慧, 江厚龙, 等. 生物质炭基肥对重庆植烟区烤烟根系发育及产量和品质的影响[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2023, 40(6):1232-1240.
|
| [32] |
施锘, 朱宏强, 杨梦璇, 等. 不同微生物菌肥对烤烟生长发育、产量及品质的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2026(1):189-196.
|
| [33] |
张嘉雯, 卢绍浩, 赵铭钦, 等. 施氮量对四川雪茄烟叶碳氮代谢及品质的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2021(4):159-165.
|
| [34] |
Flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), a key economic crop in China, is highly dependent on nitrogen (N) management. This study evaluated the effects of multi-split N application via drip irrigation on tobacco growth, N accumulation, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE).A randomized experiment was conducted with 10 treatments (T0-T9) in K326 tobacco grown in nutrient-rich brown soil. The treatments differed in terms of N application timing and proportions.T2 and T3, which applied N twice post-transplant, led to the highest dry weight accumulation in roots, stems, and leaves, with T3 resulting in a 65.8% increase in root dry weight over that of T6. N accumulation followed the order of leaves > stems > roots, with T1 resulting in the highest total N accumulation, a 1.77-fold significant increase compared with that in T0 (p < 0.05). The fertilizer nitrogen (FN) was highest at T1 and T2, reaching nearly 46%, whereas T9 presented the lowest FN, decreasing by 22% compared with that at T1. T1 also retained the most N in the soil, whereas T3 had the highest N residues after the first top dressing. Uneven N applications resulted in significantly lower biomass and NUE.These results highlight the importance of balanced multi-split N applications (T2 and T3) in improving dry matter accumulation, NUE, and crop quality. Optimizing N application through drip irrigation offers a promising approach to improving both yield and N management efficiency in flue-cured tobacco cultivation.© 2025. The Author(s).
|
| [35] |
|
| [36] |
王艳丽, 刘国顺, 丁松爽, 等. 磷用量对烤烟根系及其与地上部关系的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(5):1440-1446.
以‘豫烟10号’为材料，研究大田生育期内不同磷肥用量对烤烟根干质量等根系指标的影响，以及根系和地上部物质分配、矿质营养积累的差异.结果表明： 施磷能显著促进烤烟根系发育和干物质向地上部的分配，30 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>·hm<sup>-2</sup>处理烟株具有最大的根干质量、根体积、根系活力和最小的根冠比.烤烟根系和叶片对养分的最大积累速率依次出现在移栽后57～66 d和44～55 d，施磷不仅能促进烟株对养分的吸收，使养分最大积累速率提早出现，而且能显著促进烟株地上部的养分积累，但当施磷量超过30 kg P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>·hm<sup>-2</sup>时，上述促进作用反而减弱.在生产上应合理施磷，以提高烟叶品质.
|
| [37] |
王艳丽, 王京, 刘国顺, 等. 磷施用量对烤烟根系生理及叶片光合特性的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(2):410-417.
|
| [38] |
陈义强, 刘国顺, 习红昂. 基于烟叶品质指数的氮、磷、钾施肥模型[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(3):632-643.
|
| [39] |
Among the plant nutrients, potassium (K) is one of the vital elements required for plant growth and physiology. Potassium is not only a constituent of the plant structure but it also has a regulatory function in several biochemical processes related to protein synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and enzyme activation. Several physiological processes depend on K, such as stomatal regulation and photosynthesis. In recent decades, K was found to provide abiotic stress tolerance. Under salt stress, K helps to maintain ion homeostasis and to regulate the osmotic balance. Under drought stress conditions, K regulates stomatal opening and helps plants adapt to water deficits. Many reports support the notion that K enhances antioxidant defense in plants and therefore protects them from oxidative stress under various environmental adversities. In addition, this element provides some cellular signaling alone or in association with other signaling molecules and phytohormones. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding K-induced abiotic stress tolerance in plants, the exact molecular mechanisms of these protections are still under investigation. In this review, we summarized the recent literature on the biological functions of K, its uptake, its translocation, and its role in plant abiotic stress tolerance.
|
| [40] |
Potassium is a nutrient element necessary for tobacco growth. Tobacco leaves with high potassium content are elastic and tough, rich in oil. And the same time, potassium can also improve the scent and aromatic value of flue-cured tobacco by regulating the synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbons in leaves.. It is an important quality indicator for flue-cured tobacco. However, the potassium concentration in tobacco leaves in most areas of China is generally lower than the global standard for high quality tobacco. Two tobacco genotypes were grafted to each other under different potassium levels to test whether potassium content and plant growth can be improved by grafting in tobacco.The growth of tobacco in all treatments was inhibited under potassium starvation, and grafting significantly alleviated this potassium stress in 'Yunyan 87'. The trends in whole plant K uptake and K transfer efficiency to the leaves corresponded to the growth results of the different grafts. The nutrient depletion test results showed that the roots of 'Wufeng No.2' had higher K absorption potential, K affinity, and K inward flow rate. K enrichment circles appeared at the endoderm of the root section in the energy dispersive X-ray figure, indicating that the formation of Casparian strips may be partly responsible for the lower rate of lateral movement of K in the roots of 'Yunyan 87'. Gene expression analysis suggested that energy redistribution at the whole plant level might constitute one strategy for coping with potassium starvation. The feedback regulation effects between scion 'Wufeng No.2' and rootstock 'Yunyan 87' indicated that the transmission of certain signaling substances had occurred during grafting.'Wufeng No.2' tobacco rootstock grafting can increase the K uptake and transport efficiency of 'Yunyan 87' and enhance plant growth under potassium stress. The physiological mechanism of the improved performance of grafted tobacco is related to higher K uptake and utilization ability, improved xylem K loading capacity, and up-regulated expression of genes related to energy supply systems.
|
| [41] |
熊莹, 杨俊杰, 蒋佳祝, 等. 山东省不同产区烤烟化学成分差异性及可用性分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2026, 42(4):210-218.
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
