This study summarized and analyzed the diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics of soils developed from paleo-red clay in Hebei Province, clarified the systematic classification of sampled soils, and supplemented and perfected the Chinese Soil Taxonomy (CST) system. Based on the Third National Soil Census project, soils at the junction of low hills and piedmont plains in the Yanshan and Taihang Mountains of Hebei were selected as research materials. Soil profiles were classified and basic taxonomic units were established strictly in accordance with CST criteria. The results indicated that the seven soil profiles were provided with mollic epipedon, ochric epipedon, cambic horizon, argic horizon and calcic horizon, belonging to three soil orders: Isohumosols, Cambosols and Argosols. Combined with soil moisture regimes and soil temperature regimes, they were further divided into five suborders, including Ustic Isohumosols, Ustic Argosols, Boric Argosols, Udic Argosols and Ustic Cambosols. According to diagnostic indices such as calcic horizon, surface epipedons, claypan, lithological characteristics of northern red earths, calcaric property and soil pH, five soil groups and corresponding subgroups were classified, namely Calci-Ustic Isohumosols, Hapli-Ustic Argosols, Molli-Boric Argosols, Claypani-Udic Argosols and Hapli-Ustic Cambosols. Seven soil families were classified based on soil particle sizes, mineralogical types, acid-base properties and thermal regimes. By comparing soil body configuration and spatial distribution characteristics of red soil layers with existing soil series, seven local soil series including Dasipeng series and Wujiadian series were established. This systematic research on paleo-red clay derived soils effectively fills the vacancy of relevant soil series investigation in Hebei Province.