Agriculture is a basic industry of the national economy all the time, the countryside is a cradle and relying on of the city all the time, peasants are the masses of people colony all the time. On the basis of the inter－reaction among agriculture, countryside, peasant's question and function mechanism, this paper analysis systematically the intension and behaving of the Problems of Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer, and propose accelerating the urbanization , raise peasant's quality, structure the agricultural thing fluid department etc, and the basic solving ways of the rural economy , rural development and rural demography.