Abbreviation (ISO4): Chin Agric Sci Bull
Editor in chief: Yulong YIN
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin >
Phenology Research on the Common Ligneous Species in Wuhan Urban Forest: An Example of Jiufeng National Forest Park
Received date: 2019-01-17
Request revised date: 2019-04-08
Online published: 2020-03-19
Supported by
(2017CFB694)
(2014YQNJJ04)
Copyright
To explore the phenological characters of common ligneous species in Wuhan urban forest, based on the phenological observation data of 18 tree species for 3 consecutive years, the main phonological characters of tree species were studied, the phenological spectrum was drawn and the correlation between phonological phenomena was analyzed. The relationship between tree phenological phase and environmental factors such as temperature and precipitation was studied using principal component analysis. The major environmental impact factors for sprouting period, leaf-expansion period, flowering period and fruit maturation period were ≥5℃ temperature accumulation, average temperature and cumulative rainfall, and those for defoliation period were average temperature, average rainfall and ≥5℃ temperature accumulation. In addition, different environmental factors had different positive and negative effects in different phenological periods. Phenotypic cluster analysis was carried out on sprouting period, leaf-expansion period, flowering period and fruit maturation period, 3 types of sprouting period, 2 types of leaf-expansion period, 3 types of flowering period and 3 types of fruit maturation period were determined preliminarily. Moreover, different phenological types were connected and combined according to “sprouting type+ leaf-expansion type+ flowering type+ fruit maturation type”, 18 tree species were classified into 9 phonological types. The study is helpful to understand the phenological change characters of common tree species in Wuhan, and provides a scientific basis for the species selection, tree cultivation management and benefit evaluation of urban forest.
Key words: ligneous plants; phenology; phenological spectrum; urban forest; Wuhan
Wang Xiaorong , Pang Hongdong , Hu Wenjie , Niu Hongyu , Zheng Jingjin , Wang Ruiwen , Tang Wanpeng . Phenology Research on the Common Ligneous Species in Wuhan Urban Forest: An Example of Jiufeng National Forest Park[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020 , 36(10) : 39 -46 . DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010093
表1 物候观测主要树种特征 |
物种编号 | 种名 | 科名 | 属名 | 生活型 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 樟树Cinnamomum camphora | 樟科 | 樟属 | 常绿阔叶大乔木 |
2 | 青冈Cyclobalanopsis glauca | 壳斗科 | 青冈属 | 常绿阔叶乔木 |
3 | 油桐Vernicia fordii | 大戟科 | 油桐属 | 常绿阔叶乔木 |
4 | 桂花Osmanthus fragrans | 木犀科 | 木樨属 | 常绿阔叶小乔木 |
5 | 玉兰Magnolia denudata | 木兰科 | 木兰属 | 常绿阔叶小乔木 |
6 | 马尾松Pinus massoniana | 松科 | 松属 | 常绿针叶乔木 |
7 | 湿地松Pinus elliottii | 松科 | 松属 | 常绿针叶乔木 |
8 | 悬铃木Platanus acerifolia | 悬铃木科 | 悬铃木属 | 落叶阔叶大乔木 |
9 | 枫香Liquidambar formosana | 金缕梅科 | 枫香树属 | 落叶阔叶大乔木 |
10 | 构树Broussonetia papyrifera | 桑科 | 构属 | 落叶阔叶乔木 |
11 | 枫杨Pterocarya stenoptera | 胡桃科 | 枫杨属 | 落叶阔叶乔木 |
12 | 银杏Ginkgo biloba | 银杏科 | 银杏属 | 落叶阔叶乔木 |
13 | 盐肤木Rhus chinensis | 漆树科 | 盐肤木属 | 落叶阔叶小乔木 |
14 | 落羽杉Taxodium distichum | 杉科 | 落羽杉属 | 落叶针叶大乔木 |
15 | 栓皮栎Quercus variabilis | 壳斗科 | 栎属 | 落叶阔叶乔木 |
16 | 小叶栎Quercus chenii | 壳斗科 | 栎属 | 落叶阔叶乔木 |
17 | 海通Clerodendrum mandarinorum | 马鞭草科 | 大青属 | 落叶灌木或小乔木 |
18 | 山胡椒Lindera glauca | 樟科 | 山胡椒属 | 落叶灌木或小乔木 |
表2 各物候现象间相关性矩阵 |
萌动期 | 绽叶期 | 展叶期 | 现蕾期 | 开花期 | 果实成熟期 | 新稍期 | 落叶期 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
萌动期 | 1 | |||||||
绽叶期 | 0.612** | 1 | ||||||
展叶期 | 0.246 | 0.104 | 1 | |||||
现蕾期 | -0.008 | -0.274 | -0.198 | 1 | ||||
开花期 | 0.095 | -0.151 | 0.019 | 0.916** | 1 | |||
果实成熟期 | 0.391 | 0.323 | 0.451 | -0.500* | -0.319 | 1 | ||
新稍期 | 0.155 | 0.099 | 0.266 | -0.204 | -0.253 | 0.079 | 1 | |
落叶期 | 0.013 | -0.144 | -0.197 | 0.272 | 0.101 | -0.178 | 0.444 | 1 |
注:表中*和**表示相关系数的T检验结果分别在P=0.05和P=0.01水平上显著。 |
表3 主要物候期气候因子对前2个主分量的负荷量 |
因子 | 萌动期 | 展叶期 | 开花期 | 果实或种子成熟期 | 落叶期 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Y1 | Y2 | Y1 | Y2 | Y1 | Y2 | Y1 | Y2 | Y1 | Y2 | |||||
距1月1日的天数 | 0.983 | -0.031 | 0.976 | -0.090 | 0.991 | -0.100 | 0.985 | -0.091 | -0.562 | -0.597 | ||||
物候期内平均气温 | 0.931 | 0.221 | 0.488 | 0.585 | 0.838 | 0.313 | -0.826 | -0.171 | 0.991 | 0.027 | ||||
≥5℃的积温 | 0.970 | -0.046 | 0.949 | -0.164 | 0.975 | -0.156 | 0.981 | -0.099 | -0.799 | 0.379 | ||||
物候期内平均降雨量 | -0.011 | 0.997 | 0.420 | 0.745 | 0.154 | 0.968 | 0.248 | 0.957 | 0.982 | 0.058 | ||||
累积降雨量 | 0.980 | -0.121 | 0.834 | -0.426 | 0.977 | -0.164 | 0.970 | -0.197 | -0.153 | 0.758 | ||||
特征根 | 3.735 | 1.060 | 2.964 | 1.114 | 3.612 | 1.097 | 3.617 | 1.002 | 2.924 | 1.078 | ||||
信息百分比/% | 74.70 | 21.20 | 59.28 | 22.28 | 72.32 | 21.93 | 72.35 | 20.04 | 58.49 | 21.56 | ||||
累积信息百分比/% | 74.70 | 95.90 | 59.28 | 81.56 | 72.32 | 94.16 | 72.35 | 92.39 | 58.49 | 80.05 |
表4 物候类型划分 |
物候型 | 物种编号 | 植物名 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
萌动型 | 展叶型 | 开花型 | 果实成熟型 | ||
1月上旬 | 3月下旬 | 3—4月 | 7—8月 | 5 | 玉兰 |
2月中下旬 | 3月下旬 | 3—4月 | 7—8月 | 9、11 | 枫香、枫杨 |
9—10月 | 1、2、3、14 | 樟树、青冈、油桐、落羽杉 | |||
6月下旬 | 7—8月 | 17 | 海通 | ||
9月 | 7—8月 | 4 | 桂花 | ||
4月上旬 | 3—4月 | 9—10月 | 6、7 | 马尾松、湿地松 | |
3月中旬 | 3月下旬 | 3—4月 | 7—8月 | 10、18 | 构树、山胡椒 |
9—10月 | 8、12、15、16 | 悬铃木、银杏、栓皮栎、小叶栎 | |||
9月 | 9—10月 | 13 | 盐肤木 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
作者已声明无竞争性利益关系。
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